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Campbell Biology

Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson

Chapter 1

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry - all with Video Answers

Educators

MM
+ 4 more educators

Chapter Questions

02:57

Problem 1

All the organisms on your campus make up
a. an ecosystem.
b. a community.
c. a population.
d. a taxonomic domain.

Bryan Lynn
Bryan Lynn
Numerade Educator
01:54

Problem 2

Which of the following is a correct sequence of levels in life's hierarchy, proceeding downward from an individual animal?
a. organism, brain, organ system, nerve cell
b. organ system, nervous tissue, brain, nerve cell
c. organism, organ system, tissue, cell, organ
d. nervous system, brain, nervous tissue, nerve cell

Sam James
Sam James
Numerade Educator
02:05

Problem 3

Which of the following is not an observation or inference on which Darwin's theory of natural selection is based?
a. Poorly adapted individuals never produce offspring.
b. There is heritable variation among individuals.
c. Because of overproduction of offspring, there is competition for limited resources.
d. A population can become adapted to its environment over time.

Sam James
Sam James
Numerade Educator
02:39

Problem 4

Systems biology is mainly an attempt to
a. analyze genomes from different species.
b. simplify complex problems by reducing the system into smaller, less complex units.
c. understand the behavior of entire biological systems by studying interactions among its component parts.
d. build high-throughput machines for the rapid acquisition of biological data.

MR
Michael Richmond
Numerade Educator
01:48

Problem 5

Protists and bacteria are grouped into different domains because
a. protists eat bacteria.
b. bacteria are not made of cells.
c. protists have a membrane-bounded nucleus.
d. protists are photosynthetic.

Sam James
Sam James
Numerade Educator
02:04

Problem 6

Which of the following best demonstrates the unity among all organisms?
a. emergent properties
b. descent with modification
c. the structure and function of DNA
d. natural selection

Christina Sorrentino
Christina Sorrentino
Numerade Educator
03:17

Problem 7

A controlled experiment is one that
a. proceeds slowly enough that a scientist can make careful records of the results.
b. tests experimental and control groups in parallel.
c. is repeated many times to make sure the results are accurate.
d. keeps all variables constant.

Jade Schlamb
Jade Schlamb
Numerade Educator
01:21

Problem 8

Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?
a. Theories are hypotheses that have been proved.
b. Hypotheses are guesses; theories are correct answers.
c. Hypotheses usually are relatively narrow in scope; theories have broad explanatory power.
d. Theories are proved true; hypotheses are often contradicted by experimental results.

MR
Michael Richmond
Numerade Educator
03:39

Problem 9

Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?
a. The fish swam in a zigzag motion.
b. The contents of the stomach are mixed every 20 seconds.
c. The temperature decreased from $20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ to $15^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$.
d. The six pairs of robins hatched an average of three chicks each.

Bryan Lynn
Bryan Lynn
Numerade Educator
01:58

Problem 10

Which of the following best describes the logic of scientific inquiry?
a. If I generate a testable hypothesis, tests and observations will support it.
b. If my prediction is correct, it will lead to a testable hypothesis.
c. If my observations are accurate, they will support my hypothesis.
d. If my hypothesis is correct, I can expect certain test results.

Sam James
Sam James
Numerade Educator
03:28

Problem 11

With rough sketches, draw a biological hierarchy similar to the one in Figure 1.3 but using a coral reef as the ecosystem, a fish as the organism, its stomach as the organ, and DNA as the molecule. Include all levels in the hierarchy.

Sam James
Sam James
Numerade Educator
02:03

Problem 12

A typical prokaryotic cell has about 3,000 genes in its DNA, while a human cell has almost 21,000 genes. About 1,000 of these genes are present in both types of cells. Based on your understanding of evolution, explain how such different organisms could have this same subset of 1,000 genes. What sorts of functions might these shared genes have?

Sam James
Sam James
Numerade Educator
02:33

Problem 13

Based on the results of the mouse coloration case study, suggest another hypothesis researchers might use to further study the role of predators in the natural selection process.

Sam James
Sam James
Numerade Educator
03:06

Problem 14

In a short essay $(100-150$ words), discuss Darwin's view of how natural selection resulted in both unity and diversity of life on Earth. Include in your discussion some of his evidence. (See a suggested grading rubric and tips for writing good essays in the Study Area of MasteringBiology under "Write About a Theme.")

Sam James
Sam James
Numerade Educator
02:49

Problem 15

Can you pick out the mossy leaf-tailed gecko lying against the tree trunk in this photo? How is the appearance of the gecko a benefit in terms of survival? Given what you learned about evolution, natural selection, and genetic information in this chapter, describe how the gecko's coloration might have evolved.

Sam James
Sam James
Numerade Educator