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Fundamentals of mechanical vibrations

Kelly S. Graham

Chapter 3

Harmonic Excitation of One-Degree-of-Freedom Systems - all with Video Answers

Educators


Chapter Questions

Problem 1

Use the free-body diagram method to derive the differential equation governing the forced vibrations of the linear one-degree-of-freedom systems shown using the indicated generalized coordinate.
(Figure can't copy)

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Problem 2

Use the free-body diagram method to derive the differential equation governing the forced vibrations of the linear one-degree-of-freedom systems shown using the indicated generalized coordinate.
(Figure can't copy)

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Problem 3

Use the free-body diagram method to derive the differential equation governing the forced vibrations of the linear one-degree-of-freedom systems shown using the indicated generalized coordinate.
(Figure can't copy)

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Problem 4

Use the equivalent systems method to derive the differential equation governing the forced vibrations of the linear one-degree-of-freedom systems shown using the indicated generalized coordinate.

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Problem 5

Use the equivalent systems method to derive the differential equation governing the forced vibrations of the linear one-degree-of-freedom systems shown using the indicated generalized coordinate.

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Problem 6

Use the equivalent systems method to derive the differential equation governing the forced vibrations of the linear one-degree-of-freedom systems shown using the indicated generalized coordinate.

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02:38

Problem 7

A $40-\mathrm{kg}$ mass is hanging from a spring of stiffness $4 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$. A harmonic force of magnitude $100 \mathrm{~N}$ and frequency $120 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ is applied. Determine the amplitude of the forced response.

Narayan Hari
Narayan Hari
Numerade Educator
11:09

Problem 8

Determine the amplitude of foreed oseillations of the 30-kg block of Fig. P3.8.

Sarah Mccrumb
Sarah Mccrumb
Numerade Educator
02:56

Problem 9

For what values of $M_0$ will the forced amplitude of angular displacement of the bar of Fig. P3.9 be less than $3^*$ if $\omega=25$ rad/s?
(Figure can't copy)

Ben Nicholson
Ben Nicholson
Numerade Educator
03:19

Problem 10

For what values of $\omega$ will the forced amplitude of the angular displacement of the bar of Fig. P3.9 be less than $3^{\circ}$ if $M_0=300 \mathrm{~N} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ ?

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
00:55

Problem 11

For what values of $M_0$ will the forced amplituve of angular displacement of the bar of Fig. P3.9 be less than $3^{\circ}$ for all values of $\omega$ between $10 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ and $30 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ ?

Ryan Hood
Ryan Hood
Numerade Educator
01:18

Problem 12

A $2-\mathrm{kg}$ gear of radius $20 \mathrm{~cm}$ is attached to the end of a 1 -m-long steel shaft $(G=80 \times$ $10^9 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}^2$ ). A moment $M=100 \sin 150 t \mathrm{~N}$ is applied to the gcar. For what shaft radii will the forced amplitude of torsional oscillations be less than $4^*$ ?

Hast Aggarwal
Hast Aggarwal
Numerade Educator
04:28

Problem 13

A $1-\mathrm{kg}$ block is to be suspended from a coil spring and subject to a harmonic excitation, The magnitude of the excitation is $360 \mathrm{~N}$, and its frequency ranges from $30 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ to 120 $\mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. The coil spring is to be made from a l-cm-diameter steel bar $\left(G=80 \times 10^{\circ} \mathrm{N} / \mathrm{m}^2\right)$. The coil radius is to be $20 \mathrm{~cm}$. Specify the number of active coils required if the maximum shear stress developed in the spring is less than $50 \times 10^7 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}^2$ at all frequencies.

Narayan Hari
Narayan Hari
Numerade Educator
01:35

Problem 14

A helical coil spring is made from a steel bar $\left(G=80 \times 10^9 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}^2\right)$ of radius $5 \mathrm{~mm}$. The spring has 10 active coils and has a coil radius of $10 \mathrm{~cm}$. A. 2-kg block is to be suspended from the spring.
(a) What is the resonant frequency for the system?
(b) If the block is subject to a harmonic force of amplitude $25 \mathrm{~N}$ at the resonant frequency. how long will it take for the shear stress in the spring to reach its yield strength of $50 \times 10^7 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}^2$ ?

Prabhu Ramji
Prabhu Ramji
Numerade Educator
04:58

Problem 15

A $40-\mathrm{kg}$ pump is to be placed at the midspan of a $2.5-\mathrm{m}$-long steel beam $(E=200 \times$ $10^9 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}^2$ ). The pump is to operate at $3000 \mathrm{rpm}$. For what values of the cross-sectional moment of inertia will the pump be operating within $3 \mathrm{~Hz}$ of resonance?

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
01:20

Problem 16

A mass-spring system of natural frequency $22 \mathrm{~Hz}$ is subject to a harmonic excitation at a frequency of $24 \mathrm{~Hz}$. Does beating oceur? If so, what is the period of beating?

Narayan Hari
Narayan Hari
Numerade Educator
01:34

Problem 17

A $5-\mathrm{kg}$ block is mounted on a helical coil spring such that the system's natural frequency is $50 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. The block is subject to a harmonic excitation of amplitude $45 \mathrm{~N}$ at a frequency of $50.8 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. What is the maximum displacement of the block fmm its equilihrium position?

Eric Mockensturm
Eric Mockensturm
Numerade Educator

Problem 18

A $50-\mathrm{kg}$ turbine is mounted on four parallel springs, each of stiffness $3 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$. When the machine operates at $40 \mathrm{~Hz}$, its steady-state amplitude is observed as $1.8 \mathrm{~mm}$. What is the magnitude of the excitation?

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01:09

Problem 19

A system of equivalent mass $30 \mathrm{~kg}$ has a natural frequency of $120 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ and a damping ratio of 0.12 and is subject to a harmonic excitation of amplitude $2000 \mathrm{~N}$ and frequency $150 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. What are the steady-state amplitude and phase angle for the response?

Prabhu Ramji
Prabhu Ramji
Numerade Educator
01:34

Problem 20

A $30-\mathrm{kg}$ block is suspended from a spring of stiffness $300 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and attached to a dashpot of damping coefficient $120 \mathrm{~N} \cdot \mathrm{s} / \mathrm{m}$. Thie bluck is subject to a harmonic excitation of anplitude $1150 \mathrm{~N}$ at a frequency of $20 \mathrm{~Hz}$. What is the block's steady-state amplitude?

Eric Mockensturm
Eric Mockensturm
Numerade Educator
00:26

Problem 21

What is the amplitude of steady-state oscillation of the $30-\mathrm{kg}$ block of the system of Fig. P3.21?
(Figure can't copy)

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
13:09

Problem 22

If $\omega=16.5 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$, what is the maximum value of $M_0$ such that the disk of Fig. P3.22 rolls witiout slip?
(Figure can't copy)

Donald Albin
Donald Albin
Numerade Educator
06:14

Problem 23

If $M_0=2 \mathrm{~N} \cdot \mathrm{m}$, for what values of $\omega$ will the disk of Fig. P3.22 roll without slip?

Supratim Pal
Supratim Pal
Numerade Educator
01:56

Problem 24

For what values of $d$ will the steady-state amplitude of angular oscillations be less than $1^{\circ}$ for the rod of Fig. P3.24?
(Figure can't copy)

Averell Hause
Averell Hause
Carnegie Mellon University
02:07

Problem 25

A $30-\mathrm{kg}$ compressor is mounted on an isolator pad of stiffness $6 \times 10^3 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$. When subject to a harmonic excitation of magnitude $350 \mathrm{~N}$ and frequency $100 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$, the phase difference between the excitation and steady-state response is $24.3^{\circ}$. What is the damping ratio of the isolator and its maximum deflection due to this excitation?

Anand Jangid
Anand Jangid
Numerade Educator
07:09

Problem 26

A thin disk of mass $5 \mathrm{~kg}$ and radius $10 \mathrm{~cm}$ is connected to a torsional damper of coefticient $4.1 \mathrm{~N} \cdot \mathrm{s} \cdot \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{rad}$ and a solid circular shaft of radius $10 \mathrm{~mm}$, length $40 \mathrm{~cm}$, and shear modulus $80 \times 10^9 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}^2$. The disk is subject to a harmonic moment of magnitude $250 \mathrm{~N} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ and frequency $600 \mathrm{~Hz}$. What is the amplitude of steady-state torsional oscillations?

Sarah Mccrumb
Sarah Mccrumb
Numerade Educator
02:48

Problem 27

A $50-\mathrm{kg}$ machine tool is mounted on an elastic foundation. An experiment is run to determine the stiffncss and damping propertics of the foundation. When the tool is excited with a harmonic force of magnitude $8000 \mathrm{~N}$ at a variety of frequencies, the maximum steady-state amplitude obtained is $2.5 \mathrm{~mm}$, occurring at a frequency of $32 \mathrm{~Hz}$. Use this information to determine the stiffness and damping ratio of the foundation.

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
01:11

Problem 28

A $100-\mathrm{kg}$ machine tool has a $2-\mathrm{kg}$ rotating component. When the machine is mounted on an isolator and its operating speed is very large, the steady-state vibration amplitude is $0.7 \mathrm{~mm}$. How far is the center of mass of the rotating component from its axis of rotation?

Penny Riley
Penny Riley
Numerade Educator
02:13

Problem 29

A $1000-\mathrm{kg}$ turbine with a rotating unbalance is placed on springs and viscous dampers in parallel. When the operating speed is $20 \mathrm{~Hz}$, the observed steady-state amplitude is $0.08 \mathrm{~mm}$. As the operating speed is increased, the steady-state amplitude increases with an amplitude of $0.25 \mathrm{~mm}$ at $40 \mathrm{~Hz}$ and an amplitude of $0.5 \mathrm{~mm}$ for much larger speeds. Determine the equivaleat stiffness and damping coefncient of this system.

Anand Jangid
Anand Jangid
Numerade Educator
05:25

Problem 30

A $120-\mathrm{kg}$ fan with a rotating unbalance of $0.35 \mathrm{~kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ is to be placed at the midspan of a 2.6- $\mathrm{m}$ simply supported beam. The beam is made of steel $\left(E=210 \times 10^9 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}^2\right)$ with a uniform rectangular cross section of height of $5 \mathrm{~cm}$. For what values of the cross-sectional depth will the steady-state amplitude of the machine be limited to $5 \mathrm{~mm}$ for all operating speeds between 50 and $125 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ ?

Narayan Hari
Narayan Hari
Numerade Educator
05:23

Problem 31

Solve Prob. 3.30 assuming the damping ratio of the beam is 0.04 .

Vipender Yadav
Vipender Yadav
Numerade Educator
04:37

Problem 32

A $620-\mathrm{kg}$ fan has a mating unbalance of $0.25 \mathrm{~kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}$. What is the maximum stifftiess of the fan's mounting such that the steady-state amplitude is $0.5 \mathrm{~mm}$ or less at all operating speeds greater than $100 \mathrm{~Hz}$ ? Assume a damping ratio of 0.08 .

Narayan Hari
Narayan Hari
Numerade Educator
03:10

Problem 33

The tail rotor section of the helicopter of Fig. P3.33 consists of four blades, each of mass $2.1 \mathrm{~kg}$, and an engine box of mass $25 \mathrm{~kg}$. The center of gravity of each blade is $170 \mathrm{~mm}$ from the rotational axis. The tail section is connected to the main body of the helicopter by an elastic structure. The natural frequency of the tail section has been observed as $150 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. During flight the rotor operates at $900 \mathrm{rpm}$. Assume the system has a damping ratio of 0.05 .
(Figure can't copy)

During flight a $75-\mathrm{g}$ particle becomes stuck to one of the blades, $25 \mathrm{~cm}$ from the axis of rotation. What is the steady-state amplitude of vibration caused by the resulting rotating unbalance?

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
03:10

Problem 34

The tail rotor section of the helicopter of Fig. P3.33 consists of four blades, each of mass $2.1 \mathrm{~kg}$, and an engine box of mass $25 \mathrm{~kg}$. The center of gravity of each blade is $170 \mathrm{~mm}$ from the rotational axis. The tail section is connected to the main body of the helicopter by an elastic structure. The natural frequency of the tail section has been observed as $150 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. During flight the rotor operates at $900 \mathrm{rpm}$. Assume the system has a damping ratio of 0.05 .
(Figure can't copy)

Determine the steady-state amplitude of vibration if one of the hlactes snaps off during flight.

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
10:57

Problem 35

Whirling is a phenomenon that occurs in a rotating shaft when an attached rotor is unbalanced. The motion of the shaft and the eccentricity of the rotor cause an unbalanced inertia force, pulling the shaft away from its centerline, causing it to bow. Use Fig. P3.35 and the theory of Sec. 3.5 to show that the amplitudetof whirling is
$$
X=e \Lambda(r, \zeta)
$$
Where $e$ is the distance from the center of mass of the rotor to the axis of the shaft.

Mark Mathison
Mark Mathison
Numerade Educator
02:32

Problem 36

A $30-\mathrm{kg}$ rotor has an eccentricity of $1.2 \mathrm{~cm}$. It is mounted on a shaft and bearing system whose stiffness is $2.8 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and damping ratio is 0,07 . What is the amplitude of whirling when the rotor operates at $850 \mathrm{rpm}$ ? Refer to Prob. 3.35 for an explanstion of whirling.

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
03:11

Problem 37

An engine flywheel has an eccentricity of $0.8 \mathrm{~cm}$ and urass $38 \mathrm{~kg}$. Assuming a danping ratio of 0.05 , what is the necessary stiffness of the bearings to limit its whirl amplitude to $0.8 \mathrm{~mm}$ at all speeds between 1000 and $2000 \mathrm{rpm}$ ? Refer to Prob. 3.35 for an explanation of whirting.
(Figure can't copy)

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
05:25

Problem 38

It is proposed to build a $6-m$ smokestack on the top of a 60 -m factory. The smokestack will be made of steel $\left(\rho=7850 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^3\right)$ and will have an inner radius of $40 \mathrm{~cm}$ and an outer radius of $45 \mathrm{~cm}$. What is the maximum amplitude of vibration due to vortex shedding and at what wind speed will it oceur? Use a one-degree-of-freedom model for the smokestack with a concentrated mass at its end to account for inertia effects. Use $\zeta=0.05$.

Narayan Hari
Narayan Hari
Numerade Educator
02:09

Problem 39

What is the steady-state amplitude of oscillation due to vortex shedding of the smokestack of Prob. 3.38 if the wind speed is $22 \mathrm{mph}$ ?

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
04:02

Problem 40

Repeat parts $(a)$ and $(b)$ of Example 3.6 if the light pole is hollow with an inner diameter of $15 \mathrm{~cm}$ and noter diametes of $20 \mathrm{~cm}$

Ajay Singhal
Ajay Singhal
Numerade Educator
01:59

Problem 41

Repeat Prob, 3,40 including the inertia effects of the light pole.

Eric Mockensturm
Eric Mockensturm
Numerade Educator
04:15

Problem 42

A factory is using the piping system of Fig. P3.42 to discharge environmentally safe wastewater into a small river. The velocity of the river is estimated as $5.5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$. Determine the allowable values of $l$ such that the amplitude of torsional oscillations of the vertical pipe due to vortex shedding is less than $1^{\circ}$. Assume the vertical pipe is rigid and rotates about an axis perpendicular to the page through the elbow. The horizontal pipe is restrained from rotation at the river bank. Assume a damping ratio of 0.05 .

Keshav Singh
Keshav Singh
Numerade Educator
01:52

Problem 43

Determine the amplitude of steady-state vibration for the systems shown. Use the indicated generalized coordinate.
(Figure can't copy)

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
01:52

Problem 44

Determine the amplitude of steady-state vibration for the systems shown. Use the indicated generalized coordinate.
(Figure can't copy)

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
01:52

Problem 45

Determine the amplitude of steady-state vibration for the systems shown. Use the indicated generalized coordinate.
(Figure can't copy)

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
01:52

Problem 46

Determine the amplitude of steady-state vibration for the systems shown. Use the indicated generalized coordinate.
(Figure can't copy)

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
01:52

Problem 47

Determine the amplitude of steady-state vibration for the systems shown. Use the indicated generalized coordinate.
(Figure can't copy)

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
08:53

Problem 48

A 40-kg machine is attached to a base through a spring of stiffness $2 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ in parallel with a dashpot of damping coefficient $150 \mathrm{~N}=5 \cdot \mathrm{m}$. The base is given a time-dependent displacement $0.15 \sin 30.1 \mathrm{tm}$. Determine the amplitude of the absolute displacement of the machine and the amplitude of displacement of the machine relative to the base.

Sarah Mccrumb
Sarah Mccrumb
Numerade Educator
01:11

Problem 49

A 5-kg rotor-balancing machine is mounted on a table through an elastic foundation of stiffness $3.1 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and danaping ratio 0.04 . Transducers indieate that the table on which the machine is placed vibrates at a frequency of $110 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ with an amplitude of $0.62 \mathrm{~mm}$. What is the steady-state amplitude of acceleration of the balancing machine?

Penny Riley
Penny Riley
Numerade Educator
01:29

Problem 50

During a long earthquake the one-story frame structure of Fig. P3.50 is subject to a ground acceleration of amplitude $50 \mathrm{~mm} / \mathrm{s}^2$ at a frequency of $88 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. Determine the acceleration amplitude of the structure. Assume the girder is rigid and the structure has a damping ratio of 0.03 .
(Figure can't copy)

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
01:29

Problem 51

What is the required column stiffness of a one-story structure to limit its acceleration amplitude to $2.1 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^2$ during an earthquake whose acceleration amplitude is $150 \mathrm{~mm} / \mathrm{s}^2$ at a frequency of $50 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. The mass of structure is $1800 \mathrm{~kg}$. Assume a damping ratio of 0.05 .

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
02:38

Problem 52

In a rough sea the heave of a ship is approximated as harmonic of amplitude $20 \mathrm{~cm}$ at a frequency of $1.5 \mathrm{~Hz}$. What is the acceleration amplitude of a $20-\mathrm{kg}$ computer workstation mounted on an elastic foundation in the ship of stiffness $700 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and damping ratio 0.04 ?

Narayan Hari
Narayan Hari
Numerade Educator
02:38

Problem 53

In the rough sea of Prob. 3.52 what is the required stiffness of an elastic foundation of damping ratio 0.05 to limit the acceleration amplitude of a $5-\mathrm{kg}$ radio set to $1.5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^2$ ?

Narayan Hari
Narayan Hari
Numerade Educator
02:06

Problem 54

Consider the one-degree-of-freedom model of a vehicle suspension system of Example 3.7 and Fig. 3.23. Consider a motorcycle of mass $250 \mathrm{~kg}$. The suspension stiffness is $70,000 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and the darnping ratio is 0.15 . The moturcycle traveis over a temain that is approximately sinusoidal with a distance between peaks of $10 \mathrm{~m}$ and the distance from peak to valley is $10 \mathrm{~cm}$. What is the acceleration amplitude felt by the motorcycle rider when she is traveling at
(a) $30 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$
(b) $60 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$
(c) $120 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
05:42

Problem 55

A $20-\mathrm{kg}$ block is connected to a spring of stiffness $1 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and placed on a surface which makes an angle of $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. The coefficient of friction between the block and the surface is 0.15 . A force $300 \sin 80 \mathrm{~N}$ is applied to the block. What is the steady-state amplitude of the resulting oscillations?

Jacob Paiste
Jacob Paiste
Numerade Educator
05:42

Problem 56

A $20-\mathrm{kg}$ block is connected to a spring of stiffness $1 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and placed on a surface which makes an angle of $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. A force 300 sin $80 t \mathrm{~N}$ is applied to the block. The steady-state amplitude is measured as $10.6 \mathrm{~mm}$. What is the coefficient of friction between the block and the surface?

Jacob Paiste
Jacob Paiste
Numerade Educator
01:34

Problem 57

A 40-kg block is connected to a spring of stiffness $1 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and slides on a surface with a coefficient of friction 0.2 . When a harmonic force of frequency $60 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ is applied to the block, the resulting amplitude of steady-state vibrations is $3 \mathrm{~mm}$. What is the amplitude of the excitation?

Eric Mockensturm
Eric Mockensturm
Numerade Educator
02:10

Problem 58

The $2-\mathrm{kg}$ swing of Example 2.21 is subject to a harmonic moment of $1.5 \sin 5 t \mathrm{~N} \cdot \mathrm{m}$. What is the amplitude of steady-state nscillations?

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
01:26

Problem 59

Determine the steady-state amplitude of motion of the $5-\mathrm{kg}$ block. The coefficient of friction between the block and surface is 0.11 .
(Figure can't copy)

Zulfiqar Ali
Zulfiqar Ali
Numerade Educator
01:26

Problem 60

Determine the steady-state amplitude of motion of the $5-\mathrm{kg}$ block. The coefficient of friction between the block and surface is 0.11 .
(Figure can't copy)

Zulfiqar Ali
Zulfiqar Ali
Numerade Educator
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Problem 61

Use the equivalent viscous damping approach to determine the steady-state response of a system subject to both viscous damping and Coulomb damping.

Lainey Roebuck
Lainey Roebuck
Numerade Educator
03:47

Problem 62

The area under the hysteresis curve for a particular helical coil spring is $0.2 \mathrm{~N} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ when subject to a $350-\mathrm{N}$ load. The spring has a stiffness of $4 \times 10^9 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$. If a $44-\mathrm{kg}$ block is hung from the spring and subject to an exeitation force of $350 \sin 35 t \mathrm{~N}$, what is the amplitude of the resulting steady-state oscillations?

Supratim Pal
Supratim Pal
Numerade Educator
02:13

Problem 63

When a free-vibration test is run on the system of Fig. P3.63, the ratio of amplitudes on successive cycles is 2.8 to 1 . Determine the response of the engine when it has an excitation force of magnitude $3000 \mathrm{~N}$ at a frequency of $2000 \mathrm{rpm}$. Assume the damping is hysteretic.
(Figure can't copy)

Anand Jangid
Anand Jangid
Numerade Educator
02:31

Problem 64

When a free-vibration test is run on the system of Fig. P3.63, the ratio of amplitudes on successive cycles is 2.8 to 1 . When operating. the pump has a rotating unbalance of magnitude $0.25 \mathrm{~kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}$. The pump operates at speeds between 500 and $2500 \mathrm{rpm}$. For what value of $\omega$ within the operating range will the pump's steady-state amplitude be largest? What is the maximum amplitude? Assume the damping is hysteretic.

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
02:14

Problem 65

When the pump at the end of the beam of Fig. P3.63 operates at $1860 \mathrm{rpm}$, it is noted that the phase angle between the excitation and response is $18^{\circ}$. What is the steady-atate amplitude of the pump if it has a rotating unbalance of $0.8 \mathrm{~kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ and operates at 1860 rpm? Assume hysteretic damping.

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
05:19

Problem 66

A schematic of a single-cylinder engine mounted on springs and a viscous damper is shown in Fig. P3.66. The crank rotates about $O$ with a constant speed $\omega$. The connecting rod vertical plane. The center of gravity of the crank is at its axis of rotation.
(a) Derive the differential equation governing the absolute vertical displacement of the engine including the inertia forces of the crank and piston. but ignoring forces due to combustion. Use an exact expression for the inertia forces in terms of $m_r, m_p, \omega$, the crank length $r$, and the connecting rod length $l$. Write the differential equation in the form of $\mathrm{Eq}$, (3.1).
(b) Since $F(t)$ is periodic, a Fourier series representation can be used. Set up, but do not evaluate, the integrals required for a Fourier series expansion for $F(t)$.
(c) Assume $r / l \& 1$. Rearrange $F(t)$ and use a binomial expansion such that
$$
F(t)=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty} a_i\left(\frac{r}{l}\right)^i
$$
(d) Truncate the preceding series after $i-3$, Use trigonometric ideatities to approximate
$$
F(t) \approx b_1 \cos \omega t+b_2 \cos 2 \omega t+b_3 \cos 3 \omega t
$$
(e) Find an approximation to the steady-state form of $x(t)$.
(Figure can't copy)

Khoobchandra Agrawal
Khoobchandra Agrawal
Numerade Educator
02:56

Problem 67

Using the results of Prob. 3.66, determine the maximum steady-state response of a singlecylinder engine with $m_r=1.5 \mathrm{~kg}, m_p=1.7 \mathrm{~kg}, r=5.0 \mathrm{~cm}, l=15.0 \mathrm{~cm}, \omega=800 \mathrm{~mm}$, $k=1 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}, c=500 \mathrm{~N} \cdot \mathrm{s} / \mathrm{m}$, and total mass $7.2 \mathrm{~kg}$.

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
02:32

Problem 68

A $5-\mathrm{kg}$ rotor-balancing machine is mounted to a table through an elastic foundation of stiffness $10,000 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and damping ratio 0.04 . Use of a transducer reveals that the table's vibration has two main componeats: an amplitude of $0.8 \mathrm{~mm}$ at a frequency of $140 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ and an amplitude of $1.2 \mathrm{~mm}$ at a frequency of $200 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. Determine the steady-state response of the rotor balancing machine.

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
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Problem 69

During operation a $100-\mathrm{kg}$ press is subject to the periodic excitations shown. The press is mounted on an elastic foundation of stiffness $1.6 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and damping ra. tio 0.2. Determine the steady-state response of the press and approximate its maximum displacement from equilibrium. Each excitation is shown over one period.
(Figure can't copy)

Rashmi Sinha
Rashmi Sinha
Numerade Educator
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Problem 70

During operation a $100-\mathrm{kg}$ press is subject to the periodic excitations shown. The press is mounted on an elastic foundation of stiffness $1.6 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and damping ra. tio 0.2. Determine the steady-state response of the press and approximate its maximum displacement from equilibrium. Each excitation is shown over one period.
(Figure can't copy)

Rashmi Sinha
Rashmi Sinha
Numerade Educator
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Problem 71

During operation a $100-\mathrm{kg}$ press is subject to the periodic excitations shown. The press is mounted on an elastic foundation of stiffness $1.6 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and damping ra. tio 0.2. Determine the steady-state response of the press and approximate its maximum displacement from equilibrium. Each excitation is shown over one period.
(Figure can't copy)

Rashmi Sinha
Rashmi Sinha
Numerade Educator
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Problem 72

During operation a $100-\mathrm{kg}$ press is subject to the periodic excitations shown. The press is mounted on an elastic foundation of stiffness $1.6 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and damping ra. tio 0.2. Determine the steady-state response of the press and approximate its maximum displacement from equilibrium. Each excitation is shown over one period.
(Figure can't copy)

Rashmi Sinha
Rashmi Sinha
Numerade Educator
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Problem 73

During operation a $100-\mathrm{kg}$ press is subject to the periodic excitations shown. The press is mounted on an elastic foundation of stiffness $1.6 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and damping ra. tio 0.2. Determine the steady-state response of the press and approximate its maximum displacement from equilibrium. Each excitation is shown over one period.
(Figure can't copy)

Rashmi Sinha
Rashmi Sinha
Numerade Educator
03:52

Problem 74

Use of an accelerometer of natural frequency $100 \mathrm{~Hz}$ and damping ratio 0.15 reveals that an engine vibrates at a frequency of $20 \mathrm{~Hz}$ and has an acceleration amplitude of $14.3 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^2$. Determine
(a) The percent error in the measurement
(b) The actual acceleration amplitude
(c) The displacement amplitude

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
03:52

Problem 75

An accelerometer of natural frequency $200 \mathrm{~Hz}$ and damping ratio 0.7 is used to measure the vibrations of a system whose actual displacement is $x(t)=1.6 \sin 45.1 t \mathrm{~mm}$. What is the accelerometer output?

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
01:14

Problem 76

An accelerometer of natural frequency $200 \mathrm{~Hz}$ and damping ratio 0.2 is used to measure the vibrations of an engine operating at $1000 \mathrm{rpm}$. What is the percent error in the measurement?

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
01:11

Problem 77

A $550-\mathrm{kg}$ industrial sewing machine has a rotating unbalance of $0.24 \mathrm{~kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}$. The machine uperates at speeds between 2000 and $3000 \mathrm{~mm}$. The machine is placed on an isolator pad of stiffness $5 \times 10^6 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ and damping ratio 0.12 . What is the maximum natural frequency of an undamped seismometer that can be used to measure the steady-state vibrations at all operating speeds with an error less than 4 perceni. If this seismoneter is used, what is its output when the machine is operating at $2500 \mathrm{rpm}$ ?

Penny Riley
Penny Riley
Numerade Educator
02:31

Problem 78

The system of Fig. P3.78 is subject to the excitation
$$
F(t)=1000 \sin 25.4 t+800 \sin (48 t+0.35)-300 \sin (100 t+0.21) \mathrm{N}
$$
What is the output in $\mathrm{mm} / \mathrm{s}^2$ of an accelerometer of natural frequency $100 \mathrm{~Hz}$ and damping ratio 0.7 placed at $A$ ?
(Figure can't copy)

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
02:31

Problem 79

What is the output, in mm, of a seismometer with a natural frequency of $2.5 \mathrm{~Hz}$ and a damping ratio of 0.05 placed at point $A$ for the system of Fig. P3.78?

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
07:03

Problem 80

A $20-\mathrm{kg}$ block is connected to a moveable support through a spring of stiffness $1 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}$ in parallel with a viscous damper of damping coefficient $600 \mathrm{~N} \cdot \mathrm{s} / \mathrm{m}$. The support is given a harmonic displacement of amplitude $25 \mathrm{~mm}$ and frequency $40 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$. An accelerometer of natural frequency $25 \mathrm{~Hz}$ and damping ratio 0.2 is attached to the block. What is the output of the accelerometer in $\mathrm{mm} / \mathrm{s}^2$ ?

Alfjad Alfjad
Alfjad Alfjad
Numerade Educator
03:52

Problem 81

An accelerometer has a natural frequency of $80 \mathrm{~Hz}$ and a damping coefficient of $8.0 \mathrm{~N} \cdot 8 / \mathrm{m}$. When attached to a vibrating structure, it measures an amplitude of $8.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^2$ and a frequency of $50 \mathrm{~Hz}$. The true acceleration of the structure is $7.5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^2$. Determine the mass and stiffness of the accelerometer.

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
02:10

Problem 82

An accelerometer of natural frequency $200 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}$ and damping ratio 0.7 is attached to the eagine of Prub. 3.67. What is the output of the accelerometer in $\mathrm{mm} / \mathrm{s}^?$ ?

James Kiss
James Kiss
Numerade Educator
01:35

Problem 83

Use complex notation to derive Eqs. (3.72) and (3.73) from Eqs. (3.69) and (3.70).

Suzanne W.
Suzanne W.
Numerade Educator
02:43

Problem 84

Use complex notation to derive the solution of Fq. (3.62) when $y(t)=Y \sin \omega t$.

Gregory Higby
Gregory Higby
Numerade Educator