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Biology

Robert J. Brooker

Chapter 53

Integrated Responses of Animal Organ Systems to a Challenge to Homeostasis - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

05:03

Problem 1

How does the respiratory system contribute to the restoration of blood pressure following a hemorrhage?
a. by increasing the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen
b. by helping to increase the return of blood from veins to the heart
c. by increasing the heart rate
d. by activating the baroreceptor reflex
e. through the Bohr effect

Norma Kimmel
Norma Kimmel
Numerade Educator
02:15

Problem 2

Following hemorrhage, blood flow decreases to the __________ but is maintained as close to normal as possible in the __________.
a. brain and heart, digestive system
b. skin, digestive system
c. kidneys and heart, brain and skin
d. skin and digestive system, brain and heart
e. digestive system and liver, skin and kidneys

Bryan Valdivia
Bryan Valdivia
Numerade Educator
06:10

Problem 3

Which of the following will increase the hematocrit after hemorrhage in a human?
a. an intravenous infusion of erythropoietin
b. Starling forces
c. intravenous infusion of iso-osmotic NaCl solution
d. intravenous infusion of a hyperosmotic NaCl solution
e. both a and b

Norma Kimmel
Norma Kimmel
Numerade Educator
05:39

Problem 4

The frequency of action potentials sent from baroreceptors to the brain_________ when blood volume is decreased, resulting in __________ heart rate.
a. increases, an increased
b. increases, a decreased
c. decreases, an increased
d. decreases, a decreased

Norma Kimmel
Norma Kimmel
Numerade Educator
00:41

Problem 5

An animal’s normal stroke volume is 9 mL/beat and its normal heart rate is 125 beats/min. Immediately after a hemorrhage, its heart rate increases to 161 beats/min and its stroke volume does not change. What is its new cardiac output?
a. 1.45 L/min d. 17.9 L/min
b. 0.145 L/min e. 0.055 L/min
c. 17.9 mL/min
d. 17.9 L/min
e. 0.055 L/min

Abigail Schammel
Abigail Schammel
Numerade Educator
04:04

Problem 6

For the animal in question 5, what could explain why the stroke volume remained unchanged?
a. Stroke volume is not usually affected by hemorrhage.
b. The heart muscle cannot contract more forcefully than it normally
does at rest.
c. The hemorrhage may have been so severe that venous return to the
heart cannot be significantly increased above normal.
d. Constant stroke volume is a compensatory response to prevent blood
pressure from increasing too much.
e. Stroke volume increases only when the heart rate does not change
from normal.

Bryan Valdivia
Bryan Valdivia
Numerade Educator
00:10

Problem 7

Antidiuretic hormone
a. causes vasodilation of blood vessels.
b. stimulates aldosterone production by the adrenal glands.
c. stimulates reabsorption of both Na+ and water from the kidneys.
d. is stimulated by AII.
e. increases water but not ion reabsorption in the kidneys.

Abigail Schammel
Abigail Schammel
Numerade Educator
05:55

Problem 8

Which of the following act(s) as a vasoconstrictor?
a. norepinephrine
b. acetylcholine
c. AII
d. aldosterone
e. both a and c

Norma Kimmel
Norma Kimmel
Numerade Educator
02:27

Problem 9

Imagine that the baroreceptor reflex was not functional in an animal that had experienced a severe hemorrhage. What would happen?
a. Heart rate would increase significantly, but the strength of each
heartbeat would not.
b. The initial phase of recovery would be normal, but the delayed
responses would be absent.
c. The animal would probably develop shock very quickly as its
pressure rapidly fell.
d. Heart rate would decrease immediately after the hemorrhage but then
slowly return to normal.
e. There would be little significant effect on the overall compensatory
response to hemorrhage.

Bryan Valdivia
Bryan Valdivia
Numerade Educator
00:23

Problem 10

A day after an animal suffered a moderate hemorrhage, what would be true?
a. The animal’s blood pressure would be normal, but its stamina
(ability to be very active for long periods) would be decreased.
b. The concentration of erythropoietin in the animal's blood would be
increasing.
c. The animal's respiration rate would be increased above normal.
d. The flow of blood to the animal's vital organs would be decreased.
e. Both a and b would be true.

Abigail Schammel
Abigail Schammel
Numerade Educator