Biology

Mary Ann Clark, Jung Choi, Matthew Douglas

Chapter 28

Invertebrates - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

Figure 28.3 Which of the following statements is false?
a. Choanocytes have flagella that propel water through the body.
b. Pinacocytes can transform into any cell type.
c. Lophocytes secrete collagen.
d. Porocytes control the flow of water through pores in the sponge body.

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

Figure 28.21 Which of the following statements about the anatomy of a mollusk is false?
a. Mollusks have a radula for grinding food.
b. A digestive gland is connected to the stomach.
c. The tissue beneath the shell is called the mantle.
d. The digestive system includes a gizzard, a stomach, a digestive gland, and the intestine.

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

Figure 28.45 Which of the following statements about insects is false?
a. Insects have both dorsal and ventral blood vessels.
b. Insects have spiracles, openings that allow air to enter.
c. The trachea is part of the digestive system.
d. Insects have a developed digestive system with a mouth, crop, and intestine.

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

Mesohyl contains:
a. a polysaccharide gel and dead cells.
b. a collagen-like gel and suspended cells for various functions.
c. spicules composed of silica or calcium carbonate.
d. multiple pores.

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

The large central opening in the parazoan body is called the:
a. gemmule.
b. spicule.
c. ostia.
d. osculum.

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

Most sponge body plans are slight variations on a simple tube-within-a-tube design. Which of the following is a key limitation of sponge body plans?
a. Sponges lack the specialized cell types needed to produce more complex body plans.
b. The reliance on osmosis/diffusion requires a design that maximizes the surface area to volume ratio of the sponge.
c. Choanocytes must be protected from the hostile exterior environment.
d. Spongin cannot support heavy bodies.

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

Cnidocytes are found in ____________.
a. phylum Porifera
b. phylum Nemertea
c. phylum Nematoda
d. phylum Cnidaria

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

Cubozoans are ______________.
a. polyps
b. medusoids
c. polymorphs
d. sponges

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

While collecting specimens, a marine biologist finds a sessile Cnidarian. The medusas that bud from it swim by contracting a ring of muscle in their bells. To which class does this specimen belong?
a. Class Hydrozoa
b. Class Cubozoa
c. Class Scyphozoa
d. Class Anthozoa

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

Which group of flatworms are primarily ectoparasites of fish?
a. monogeneans
b. trematodes
c. cestodes
d. turbellarians

Christina Sorrentino

Christina Sorrentino

Numerade Educator

Problem 11

The rhynchocoel is a ______________.
a. circulatory system
b. fluid-filled cavity
c. primitive excretory system
d. proboscis

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 12

Annelids have (a):
a. pseudocoelom.
b. true coelom.
c. no coelom.
d. none of the above

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 13

A mantle and mantle cavity are present in:
a. phylum Echinodermata.
b. phylum Adversoidea.
c. phylum Mollusca.
d. phylum Nemertea.

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 14

How does segmentation enhance annelid locomotion?
a. Segmentation creates repeating body structures so the entire organism functions in synchrony.
b. Segmentation allows specialization of different body regions.
c. Neural segmentation allows annelids to localize sensations.
d. Muscle contractions can be localized to specific regions of the body to coordinate movement.

Christina Sorrentino

Christina Sorrentino

Numerade Educator

Problem 15

The embryonic development in nematodes can have up to ___________ larval stages.
a. one
b. two
C. three
d. five

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 16

The nematode cuticle contains _____________.
a. glucose
b. skin cells
c. chitin
d. nerve cells

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 17

Crustaceans are __________.
a. ecdysozoans
b. nematodes
c. arachnids
d. parazoans

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 18

Flies are _____________.
a. chelicerates
b. hexapods
c. arachnids
d. crustaceans

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 19

Which of the following is not a key advantage provided by the exoskeleton of terrestrial arthropods?
a. Prevents dessication
b. Protects internal tissue
c. Provides mechanical support
d. Grows with the arthropod throughout its life

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 20

Echinoderms have ____________.
a. triangular symmetry
b. radial symmetry
c. hexagonal symmetry
d. pentaradial symmetry

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 21

The circulatory fluid in echinoderms is _______________.
a. blood
b. mesohyl
c. water
d. saline

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 22

Which of the following features does not distinguish humans as a member of phylum Chordata?
a. Human embryos undergo indeterminate cleavage.
b. A spinal cord runs along an adult human's dorsal side.
c. Human embryos exhibit pharyngeal arches and gill slits.
d. The human coccyx forms from an embryonic tail.

Christina Sorrentino

Christina Sorrentino

Numerade Educator

Problem 23

The sister taxon of the Chordata is the ____________.
a. Mollusca
b. Arthropoda
c. Ambulacraria
d. Rotifera

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 24

Describe the different cell types and their functions in sponges.

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 25

Describe the feeding mechanism of sponges and identify how it is different from other animals.

Cody Delk

Numerade Educator

Problem 26

Explain the function of nematocysts in cnidarians.

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 27

Compare the structural differences between Porifera and Cnidaria.

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 28

Compare the differences in sexual reproduction between Porifera and Cubozoans. How does the difference in fertilization provide an evolutionary advantage to the Cubozoans?

Sana Riaz

Numerade Educator

Problem 29

How does the tapeworm body plan support widespread dissemination of the parasite?

Hafiza Rehmat

Numerade Educator

Problem 30

Describe the morphology and anatomy of mollusks.

Cody Delk

Numerade Educator

Problem 31

What are the anatomical differences between nemertines and mollusks?

Cody Delk

Numerade Educator

Problem 32

How does a change in the circulatory system organization support the body designs in cephalopods compared to other mollusks?

Khalida Dawar

Numerade Educator

Problem 33

Enumerate features of Caenorhabditis elegans that make it a valuable model system for biologists.

Dennis Howard

Numerade Educator

Problem 34

What are the different ways in which nematodes can reproduce?

VS

Vivek Singh

Numerade Educator

Problem 35

Why are tardigrades essential to recolonizing habits following destruction or mass extinction?

Sulav Pokhrel

Numerade Educator

Problem 36

Describe the various superclasses that phylum Arthropoda can be divided into.

Matthew Mcvay

Numerade Educator

Problem 37

Compare and contrast the segmentation seen in phylum Annelida with that seen in phylum Arthropoda.

Ashlei Spurlock

Ashlei Spurlock

Numerade Educator

Problem 38

How do terrestrial arthropods of the subphylum Hexapoda impact the world's food supply? Provide at least two positive and two negative effects.

Alexander Cheng

Alexander Cheng

Numerade Educator

Problem 39

Describe the different classes of echinoderms using examples.

Shari Bookstaff

Shari Bookstaff

Numerade Educator