Objective Biology for NEET

Rajiv Vijay

Chapter 20

Locomotion and Movement - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

Which of the following is a simple form of movement?
(a) Streaming of protoplasm in amoeba
(b) Ciliary movement in paramecium
(c) Flagellar movement in Euglena
(d) All of these

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Problem 2

The movement which results in a change of place or location is known as
(a) Contraction
(b) Adduction
(c) Abduction
(d) Locomotion

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Problem 3

Select the correct matching:
Column I
A. Paramecium
B. Hydra
C. Human
Column II
1. Cilia
2. Tentacles
3. Limbs
Column III
X. Movement of food through cytopharynx and locomotion.
Y. Capturing of prey and for locomotion.
Z. Changes in body posture and for locomotion.
(a) $\mathrm{A}-1-\mathrm{X}, \mathrm{B}-2-\mathrm{Y}, \mathrm{C}-3-\mathrm{Z}$
(b) $\mathrm{A}-1-\mathrm{Z}, \mathrm{B}-3-\mathrm{X}, \mathrm{C}-2-\mathrm{Y}$
(c) $\mathrm{A}-3-\mathrm{Z}, \mathrm{B}-1-\mathrm{X}, \mathrm{C}-2-\mathrm{Y}$
(d) $\mathrm{A}-2-\mathrm{Y}, \mathrm{B}-3-\mathrm{X}, \mathrm{C}-1-\mathrm{Z}$

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Problem 4

Select the incorrect statement?
(a) Plant and animal both exhibit movement.
(b) All locomotion are movement but all movement are not locomotion.
(c) Methods of locomotion performed by animals with their habitats and the demand of the situation.
(d) None of the above

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Problem 5

Locomotion is used for
(A) Search of food and shelter
(B) Search for mate
(C) Search for suitable breeding ground
(D) Escaping from enemies/Predators
(a) All except B
(b) All except C
(c) All except D
(d) All of these

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Problem 6

Which is the movement exhibited by the cell of a human body?
(a) Amoeboid
(b) Ciliary
(c) Fagellar
(d) All of these

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Problem 7

Which of the following cells exhibit amoeboid movement?
(a) Macrophages
(b) Leucocytes
(c) $\mathrm{RBC}$
(d) Both (a) and (b)

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Problem 8

Which of the following is correct about pseudopodia?
(a) Formed by streaming of protoplasm
(b) Formed in amoeba and neutrophile
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these

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Problem 9

Which of the following is involved in amoeboid movement?
(a) Centriole
(b) Cilia
(c) Flagella
(d) Microfilament

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Problem 10

Which of the following organs is lined with cilia?
(a) Fallopian tube
(b) Trachea
(c) Intestine
(d) Both (a) and (b)

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Problem 11

Locomotion requires a perfect coordinated activity of
(a) Muscular system
(b) Skeletal system
(c) Neural system
(d) All of these

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Problem 12

Muscle is derived from
(a) Mesoderm
(b) Ectoderm
(c) Endoderm
(d) All of these

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Problem 13

Muscle forms of adult human body.
(a) $30-40 \%$
(b) $40-50 \%$
(c) $50-60 \%$
(d) $60-70 \%$

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Problem 14

Muscles are characterized by
(a) Excitability and contractility
(b) Extensibility
(c) Elasticity
(d) All of these

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Problem 15

Muscles can be classified on which of the following criterion?
(a) Location
(b) Appearance
(c) Nature of regulation of their activities
(d) All of these

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Problem 16

How many types of muscles can be identified depending upon the location?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

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Problem 17

Which of the following is incorrect about skeletal muscles?
(a) Striped appearance under microscope hence called striated muscle.
(b) They are voluntary muscles.
(c) Primarily involved in locomotory actions and changes the body postures.
(d) They are Involuntary muscles.

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Problem 18

Which of the following is incorrect about visceral muscles?
(a) Non-striated muscle (Smooth muscle)
(b) Involuntary muscle
(c) Located in inner walls of hollow visceral organs of the body
(d) They are under in voluntary control

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Problem 19

Smooth muscles help in
(a) Transportation of food through the digestive tract
(b) Transfer of gametes through genital tract
(c) Micturition by urinary bladder
(d) All the above

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Problem 20

Cardiac muscle is characterized by
(a) Striated appearance
(b) Involuntary control
(c) Branching pattern
(d) All of these

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Problem 21

Which muscle is not under direct control of nervous system?
(a) Skeletal (Striated muscles)
(b) Smooth (Non-striated muscles)
(c) Cardiac muscles
(d) All of these

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Problem 22

Muscle fibre is a
(a) Anatomical unit of muscle
(b) Physiological unit of muscle
(c) Biochemical unit of muscle
(d) None of these

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Problem 23

Identify $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}$ and $\mathrm{D}$ in the given figure.
(a) A-Sarcolemma, B-Blood capillary, C-Fascicle (muscle bundle), D-Muscle fibre (muscle cell)
(b) A-Blood capillary, B-Muscle fibre (muscle cell), C-Fascicle (muscle bundle), D-Sarcolemma
(c) A-Sacrolemma, B-Muscle fibre (muscle cell), C-Fesicle (muscle bundle), D-Blood capillary
(d) A-Muscle fibre (muscle cell), B-Sarcolemma, C-Blood capillary, D-Fascicle (muscle bundles)

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Problem 24

Each organized skeletal muscle in our body is made up of a number of muscle bundles or fascicles held together by a common collagenous connective tissue layer called
(a) Tunicine
(b) Fascia
(c) Pellicle
(d) Capsule

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Problem 25

Select the correct matching from the following:
(a) Plasma membrane of muscle fibres Sarcolemma
(b) Cytoplasm of muscle fibres $-$ Sarcoplasm
(c) Endoplasmic reticulum of muscle fibres $-$ Sarcoplasmic reticulum
(d) All the above

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Problem 26

Sarcoplasmic reticulum is a storehouse of which ion
(a) $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$
(b) $\mathrm{Na}^{+}$
(c) $\mathrm{K}^{+}$
(d) $\mathrm{Fe}^{2+}$

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Problem 27

Sarcolemma is a membrane found over
(a) Nerve fibre
(b) Cardiac muscle
(c) Skeletal muscle fibre
(d) Heart

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Problem 28

The functional unit of the contractile system in the striped muscle is
(a) Z-band
(b) A-band
(c) Myofibril
(d) Sarcomere

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Problem 29

Contraction of a muscle is caused by
(a) Myosin
(b) Actin
(c) ATP
(d) Actomyosin

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Problem 30

The dark bands (A-bands) of a skeletal muscle are known as
(a) Isotropic bands
(b) Anisotropic bands
(c) Intercalated disc
(d) Cross bridges

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Problem 31

The light bands (I-bands) of a skeletal muscles are known as
(a) Isotropic bands
(b) Anisotropic bands
(c) Intercalated disc
(d) Cross bridges

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Problem 32

Ciliary muscles are found in
(a) Diaphragm of a mammal
(b) Eyes of vertebrates
(c) Heart of vertebrates
(d) Stomach of frog

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Problem 33

Intercostal muscles are found in
(a) Fingers
(b) Thoracic ribs
(c) Femur
(d) Radius-ulna

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Problem 34

The special contractile protein actin is found in
(a) Thick filaments of A-bands
(b) Thin filaments of I-bands
(c) Both thick and thin bands
(d) Whole of myofibril

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Problem 35

Striped muscles have
(a) One nucleus
(b) Many nuclei
(c) Two nuclei
(d) No nuclei

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Problem 36

Contractile fibrils of muscles are called
(a) Neurofibrils
(b) Collagen fibres
(c) Myofibrils
(d) Elastin

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Problem 37

Myofibrils show alternate dark and light bands in
(a) Cardiac muscles
(b) Smooth muscles
(c) Skeletal muscles
(d) Both (a) and (c)

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Problem 38

Select the correct statement:
(a) A-band is made up of thick myosin filament.
(b) H-zone is present in the middle of A-band.
(c) Actin and myosin are polymerized protein with contractility.
(d) All the above

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Problem 39

Match the columns:
Column I
(A) Inflammation of joints
(B) Protein of thick filament
(C) Protein of thin filament
(D) The central part of thick filament is not overlapped by thin filament
Column II
(1) H-zone
(2) Myosin
(3) Actin
(4) Arthritis
(a) A-1, B-2, C-3, D - 4
(b) $\mathrm{A}-1, \mathrm{~B}-3, \mathrm{C}-2, \mathrm{D}-4$
(c) A $-4, \mathrm{~B}-1, \mathrm{C}-2, \mathrm{D}-3$
(d) $\mathrm{A}-4, \mathrm{~B}-2, \mathrm{C}-3, \mathrm{D}-1$

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Problem 40

Which of the following statements about the striated muscles is false?
1. Thick filaments in the 'A' band are also held together in the middle of this band by a thin fibrous membrane called ' M' line.
2. In the centre of each 'I' band is an elastic fibre called ' $Z$ ' line which bisects it.
3. The thin filaments are firmly attached to the ' $Z$ 'line.
4. This central part of thick filament, not overlapped by thin filaments is called the ' $\mathrm{H}^{\text {' }}$ zone.
(a) All of these
(b) Only 2
(c) 1 and 4 only
(d) None of these

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Problem 41

Which of the following statements about the molecular arrangement of actin in myofibrils is incorrect?
1. Each actin (thin) filament is made of two ' $\mathrm{F}$ ' (filamentous) actins helically wound to each other.
2. Each ' $\mathrm{F}$ ' actin is a polymer of monomeric ' $\mathrm{G}$ ' (Globular) actins.
3. Two filaments of another protein, tropomyosin also runs close to the 'F' actins throughout its length.
4. A complex protein troponin is distributed at regular intervals on the tropomyosin.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) Only 4
(d) None of these

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Problem 42

Select the total number of true statements from the following.
1. Each myosin (thick) filament is also a polymerized protein.
2. Many monomeric proteins called meromyosins constitute one thick filament.
3. Each meromyosin has two important parts, a globular head with a short arm and a tail, the former being called the heavy meromyosin (HMM) and the latter is called the light meromyosin (LMM).
4. The HMM component, i.e., the head and short arm projects outwards at regular distance and angle from each other from the surface of a polymerized myosin filament and is known as cross arm.
5. The globular head is an active ATPase enzyme and has binding sites for ATP and active sites for actin.
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) 5

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Problem 43

Binding of $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ with $\quad$ in the skeletal muscles and leads to the exposure of the binding site for $\quad$ on the filament
(a) Troponin, myosin, actin
(b) Troponin, actin, relaxin
(c) Actin, myosin, troponin
(d) Tropomyosin, myosis, actin

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Problem 44

Following is the figure of actin (thin) filaments. Identify $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}$ and $\mathrm{C}$.
(a) A-Tropomyosin, B-Troponin, C-F actin
(b) A-Tropomyosin, B-Myosin, C-F Tropomyosin
(c) A-Troponin, B-Tropomyosin, C-Myosin
(d) A-Troponin, B-Tropomyosin, C-F actin

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Problem 45

The above figure is related to the myosin monomer (meromyosin). Identify $\mathrm{A}$ to $\mathrm{C}$.
(a) A-head, B-cross arm, C-GTP binding sites
(b) A-Cross arm, B-ATP Binding sites, C-Head
(c) A-head, B-cross arm, C-ATP binding sites
(d) A-cross arm, B-head C-ATP binding sites

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Problem 46

Identify $\mathrm{A}$ to $\mathrm{D}$ in the below figure.
(a) A-Actin binding sites, B-Head, C-Cross arm, D-ATP binding sites
(b) A-Cross arm, B-Actin binding sites, C-ATP binding sites, D-Head
(c) A-ATP binding sites, B-Head, C-Actin binding sites, D-Cross arm
(d) A-Head, B-Cross arm, C-ATP binding sites, D-Actin binding sites

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Problem 47

Mechanism of muscle contraction is best explained by
(a) All or no law
(b) Sliding filament theory
(c) Blackman's law
(d) All of these

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Problem 48

ATP provides energy for muscle contraction by allowing for
(a) An action potential formation in the muscle cell.
(b) Cross-bridge detachment of myosin from actin.
(c) Cross-bridge attachment of myosin to actin.
(d) Release of $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ from sarcoplasmic reticulum.

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Problem 49

A motor unit is best described as
(a) All the nerve fibres and muscle fibres in a single muscle bundle.
(b) One muscle fibre and its single nerve fibre.
(c) A single motor neuron and all the muscle fibres that it innervates.
(d) As the neuron which carries the message from muscles to CNS.

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Problem 50

Motor end plate is a
(a) Neuromuscular junction
(b) Plate of motor neuron
(c) Dendron of motor neuron
(d) Gradient of protein motive force

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Problem 51

During muscle contraction,
(a) Chemical energy is changed into electrical energy
(b) Chemical energy is changed into mechanical energy
(c) Chemical energy is changed into physical energy
(d) Mechanical energy is changed into chemical energy

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Problem 52

Electron microscopic studies of the sarcomeres have revealed that during muscle contraction
(a) The width of $\mathrm{A}$ -band remains constant
(b) The width of the $\mathrm{H}$ -zone increases
(c) The width of I-band increases
(d) The diameter of the fibre increases

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Problem 53

According to the sliding filament theory
(a) Actin (thin filament) moves over myosin (thick filament)
(b) Myosin moves over actin
(c) Both myosin and actin move on each other
(d) None of the above

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Problem 54

Put the following statement in proper order to describe muscle contraction.
1. Signal sent by CNS via motor neuron.
2. Generation of action potential in the sarcolemma.
3. Release of $\mathrm{Ca}^{+2}$ from sarcoplasmic reticulum.
4. The neurotransmitter acetycholine released motor endplate.
5. Sarcomere shorterns.
(a) $1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 4 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 5$
(b) $1 \rightarrow 4 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 5$
(c) $1 \rightarrow 4 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 5$
(d) $5 \rightarrow 4 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 1$

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Problem 55

Go through the following diagram describing muscle contraction. Identify $\mathrm{A}$ to $\mathrm{E}$.
(a) A-Sliding/Rotation, B-Actin filament, C-Myosin head, D-ATP
(b) A-Myosin head, B-Sliding/Rotation, C-ATP, D-Actin filament
(c) A-Sliding/Rotation, B-Myosin head, C-Actin filament, D-ATP
(d) A-Actin filament, B-Sliding/Rotation, C-ATP, D-Myosin head

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Problem 56

Which of the following muscle gets into fatigue very early?
(a) Skeletal muscle
(b) Smooth muscle
(c) Cardiac muscle
(d) All of these

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Problem 57

Relaxation of muscle is due to the
(a) Pumping of $\mathrm{Ca}^{+2}$ into sarcoplasmic cisternae
(b) Presence of ATP
(c) Conformational change in troponin and masking of actin filaments
(d) Both (a) and (c)

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Problem 58

The diagrams given above depicts three different condition of sarcomeres. Identify these conditions:
(a) A-contracting, B-relaxed, C-maximally contracted
(b) A-relaxed, B-contracting, C-maximally contracted
(c) A-maximally contracted, B-relaxed, C-contracting
(d) A-relaxed, B-maximally contracted, C-contracting

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Problem 59

Repeated activation of the muscles can lead to the accumulation of due to anaerobic breakdown of glycogen in there causing fatigue.
(a) Ethanol
(b) Lactic acid
(c) Citric acid
(d) Butyric acid

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Problem 60

A neurotransmitter $\quad$ generates an action potential in the sarcolemma.
(a) $\mathrm{GABA}$
(b) Epinephrine
(c) Glycine
(d) Acetyt choline

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Problem 61

Which of the following statement is correct?
(a) A motor neuron along with the muscles fibres connected to it constitute a motor unit.
(b) The reaction time of the fibres can vary in different muscles.
(c) Muscle fatigue is due to lactic acid formation due to anaerobic respiration.
(d) All the above

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Problem 62

The protein which maintains the muscular storage of oxygen is
(a) Myoglobin
(b) Actomyosin
(c) Myosin
(d) Haemoglobin

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Problem 63

Which is not the correct difference between white and red muscle fibres? $\begin{array}{ll}\text { White muscle fibre } & \text { Red muscle fibre }\end{array}$
1. Less myoglobin $-$ 1. More myglobin
2. Number of mitochondria is less
- 2. Number of mitochondria is more
3. Amount of sarcoplasmic reticulum is low $-3$. Amount of sarcoplasmic reticulum is high
4. Aerobic muscle $-4$. Anaerobic muscle
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

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Problem 64

Skeletal system consists of
(a) Framework of bone
(b) Few cartilages
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these

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Problem 65

Cartilage has slightly pliable matrix due to
(a) $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$
(b) $\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}$
(c) Chondroitin salts
(d) Phosphorus

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Problem 66

Skull is composed of
(a) Cranial bones (8)
(b) Facial bones (14)
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these

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Problem 67

The hard and protective outer covering of brain is known as
(a) Cranium
(b) Condyle
(c) Meninges
(d) All of these

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Problem 68

Human body contains how many ear ossciles?
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 5
(d) 6

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Problem 69

Human skull is
(a) Monocondylic
(b) Dicondylic
(c) Tricondylic
(d) Acondylic

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Problem 70

Vertebral column in human body is present
(a) Dorsally
(b) Ventrally
(c) Laterally
(d) All of these

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Problem 71

Which of the following is true about vertebral column?
(a) Each vertebra in vertebral column has a central hollow protein (Neural canal) through which spinal cord pass.
(b) The first vertebra in vertebral column is atlas and it articulates with the occipital condyle.
(c) Vertebral column protects the spinal cord, supports the head and serves as the point of attachment for the ribs and musculature of the back.
(d) All the above

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Problem 72

The bone present on ventral midline of thorax is
(a) Vertebral column
(b) Ribs
(c) Scapula
(d) Sternum

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Problem 73

Which of the following is incorrect about ribs?
(a) Each rib is a thin and cat bone connected dorsally to the vertebral column and ventrally to the sternum.
(b) Ribs has two articulation surfaces on its dorsal end which are called bicephalic.
(c) Ventrally ribs are connected to sternum by elastic cartilage.
(d) First 7 pairs are called true ribs. The 8,9 and $10^{\star}$ pair is known as false (vertebracondral) ribs and the 2 pairs (11" and $12^{\text {th }}$ ) are known as floating ribs.

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Problem 74

Scapula is an example of
(a) Long bone
(b) Short bone
(c) Flat bone
(d) Irregular bone

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Problem 75

Number of bones in the adult human body is
(a) 206
(b) 406
(c) 106
(d) 306

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Problem 76

Number of bones in human axial skeleton is
(a) 120
(b) 142
(c) 80
(d) 206

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Problem 77

The number of bones in the skull of man is
(a) 14
(b) 28
(c) 8
(d) 22

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Problem 78

Cranium of man is made up of
(a) 8 bones
(b) 12 bones
(c) 16 bones
(d) 14 bones

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Problem 79

Vertebral column of human body is made up of
(a) 33 vertebrae
(b) 52 vertebrae
(c) 45 vertebrae
(d) 23 vertebrae

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Problem 80

The number of bones in the vertebral column of man is
(a) 32
(b) 26
(c) 35
(d) 20

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Problem 81

The human vertebral formula is
(a) C7T12L5S5Cd4
(b) C7T9L5S4Cd1
(c) C7T12L5S1Cd 1
(d) C7T12L4S4Cd1

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Problem 82

The vertebra which bears the whole weight of the skull is
(a) Atlas
(b) Axis
(c) Cervical
(d) Sacral

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Problem 83

In man, the ribs are attached to
(a) Clavicle
(b) Ileum
(c) Sternum
(d) Scapula

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Problem 84

In case of most of the mammals including man and Giraffe, the numbers of cervical vertebrae are
(a) 8
(b) 7
(c) 9
(d) 10

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Problem 85

The eighth and ninth ribs are known as false ribs because their external portions are attached to
(a) xiphisternum
(b) Costa of 7 th rib
(c) They have no costa
(d) They are not true ribs

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Problem 86

Number of bones in face is
(a) 12
(b) 30
(c) 40
(d) 14

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Problem 87

Axial skeleton is made up of
(a) Skull only
(b) Sternum only
(c) Complete vertebral column
(d) All of these

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Problem 88

What is the right sequence of bones in the ear ossicles of a mammal starting from the tympanum inwards?
(a) Malleus, Incus, Stapes
(b) Malleus, Stapes, Incus
(c) Incus, Malleus, Stapes
(d) Stapes, Incus, Malleus

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Problem 89

Malleus is a part of
(a) Fore limbs of vertebrates
(b) Reproductive organs of cockroach
(c) Auditory ossicles of middle ear of human
(d) Skull of frog

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Problem 90

In human beings, the thoracic basket is composed of
(a) Ribs and thoracic vertebrae
(b) Ribs and sternum
(c) Ribs, sternum and vertebrae
(d) Ribs, sternum and thoracic vertebrae

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Problem 91

The bone which is $U$ -shaped is
(a) Frontal
(b) Vomer
(c) Hyoid
(d) Molar

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Problem 92

Match the following:
Bone
1. Skull
2. Vertebrae
3. Ribs
4. Sternum
5. Pectoral girdles
6. Arms
7. Ear ossicles
8. Pelvic girdles
Number
1. 24
2. 60
3. 22
4.
5. 2
6. 4
7. 6
8. 33
The correct pairing sequence is
(a) $8-3,1-4,6-2,5-7$
(b) $3-8,1-4,6-2,7-5$
(c) $3-8,1-4,2-6,7-5$
(d) None of these

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Problem 93

The number of floating ribs in human body is
(a) 6 pairs
(b) 3 pairs
(c) 5 pairs
(d) 2 pairs

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Problem 94

The foramen magnum, occipital condyles are found in
(a) Parietal bone
(b) Ethmoid bone
(c) Sphenoid bone
(d) Occipital bone

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Problem 95

The acromion process articulates with the
(a) Scapula
(b) Clavicle
(c) Ribs
(d) Vertebral column

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Problem 96

The number of lumbar vertebrae in human vertebral column is
(a) 12
(b) 7
(c) 5
(d) 2

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Problem 97

How many ribs are present in human beings?
(a) 6 pairs
(b) 9 pairs
(c) 12 pairs
(d) 15 pairs

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Problem 98

The cup-shaped cavity for the articulation of the head of the femur is called
(a) Glenoid cavity
(b) Acetabulum
(c) Obturator
(d) Sigmoid notch

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Problem 99

Ribs attached to sternum are
(a) First seven pairs
(b) All ten ribs
(c) First ten rib pairs
(d) First five rib pairs

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Problem 100

Which part is indicated as $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}, \mathrm{D}$, and $\mathrm{E}$ in the given figure?
(a) A-Clavicle, B-Scapula, C-Humerus, D-Radius, E-Ulna
(b) A-Humerus, B-Clavicle, C-Ulna, $\quad$ D-Scapula, E-Radius
(c) A-Ulna, B-Humerus, C-Clavicle, D-Radius, E-Scapula
(d) A-Radius, B-Ulna, C-Scapula, D-Clavicle, E-Humerus

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Problem 101

In humans, the radius and ulna are (shown in diagram of question number 100.)
(a) Completely fused together
(b) Completely separated
(c) Fused in middle and separated at both the ends
(d) Separated but united at both the ends

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Problem 102

A shallow depression in the scapula which receives the head of the upper arm bone is known as the
(a) Acetabulum
(b) Neural arch
(c) Glenoid cavity
(d) None of these

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Problem 103

Patella, the sesamoid bone is also known as
(a) Pisiform
(b) Replacing bone
(c) Knee cap
(d) None of these

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Problem 104

Humerus bone is situated in
(a) Thigh
(b) Lower arm
(c) Upper arm
(d) Shank

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Problem 105

The cup-shaped structure of pelvic girdle, the acetabulum in man is formed by
(a) Ilium, ischium and pubis
(b) Ilium, ischium and cotyloid
(c) Ilium and ischium
(d) Ilium and cotyloid

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Problem 106

The pectoral and pelvic girdles and the bones of limb form
(a) Axial skeleton
(b) Appendicular skeleton
(c) Visceral skeleton
(d) Outer skeleton

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Problem 107

The total number of bones in your right arm is
(a) 30
(b) 32
(c) 35
(d) 40

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Problem 108

An acromian process is characteristically found in mammals in
(a) Pelvic girdle
(b) Pectoral girdle
(c) Skull
(d) Sternum

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Problem 109

Which one of the following component is the part of pectoral girdle?
(a) Acetabulum
(b) Hilum
(c) Sternum
(d) Glenoid cavity

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Problem 110

Pelvic girdle of human consist of
(a) Ilium, ischium and pubis
(b) Ilium, ischium and coracoid
(c) Coracoid, scapula and clavicle
(d) Ilium, coracoid and scapula

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Problem 111

Innominate or hip bone is formed by the fusion of how many bones?
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5

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Problem 112

Phallangeal formula of hand of man is
(a) $1,2,2,2,2$
(b) $2,1,1,1,1$
(c) $2,3,3,3,3$
(d) $2,3,3,2,2$

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Problem 113

Appendicular skeleton includes all except
(a) Hind limb
(b) Fore limb
(c) Amphicoelous vertebra
(d) Pectoral and pelvic girdle

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Problem 114

Patella is associated with
(a) Elbow
(b) Knee
(c) Neck
(d) Wrist

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Problem 115

Which one of the cartilage helps in early birth of a child, without damage to the pelvic girdle?
(a) Hyaline cartilage
(b) Elastic cartilage
(c) Calcified cartilage
(d) Fibrous cartilage

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Problem 116

The total number of bones in the hind limb of a man is
(a) 14
(b) 21
(c) 24
(d) 30

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Problem 117

Which of the following is an example of appendicular skeleton?
(a) Bones of skull
(b) Bones of vertebral column
(c) Ribs
(d) Bones of fore and hind limbs

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Problem 118

The longest bone of human body is
(a) Femur (thigh bones)
(b) Tibia
(c) Patella (knee cap)
(d) Humerus

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Problem 119

All are bones of forelimb except
(a) Radius
(b) Ulna
(c) Humerus
(d) Tibia

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Problem 120

Carpals, metacarpals, tarsals, metatarsals are
(a) $8,5,7,5$
(b) $8,7,5,5$
(c) $8,5,8,5$
(d) $8,5,5,7$

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Problem 121

How many ankle bones are present in the human body?
(a) 7
(b) 5
(c) 8
(d) 14

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Problem 122

Each girdle of appendicular skeleton is made up of
(a) Two halves
(b) Three halves
(c) Four halves
(d) Five halves

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Problem 123

Each of the pectoral girdle consists of
(a) Clavicle
(b) Scapula
(c) Humerus
(d) Both (a) and (b)

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Problem 124

Scapula is a large triangular and flat bone situated in the dorsal part of the thorax between to ribs.
(a) 2,5
(b) 2,7
(c) 2,6
(d) 2,8

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Problem 125

Which of the folowing is correct about clavicle?
(a) Known as collar bone
(b) Long bone
(c) It has two curvatures
(d) All of these

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Problem 126

Scapula has slightly elevated ridge called the spine, which projects as a flat, expanded process known as
(a) Coracoid
(b) Greater tubercle
(c) Acromion
(d) Lesser tubercle

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Problem 127

Joints are lubricated by
(a) Epidermis
(b) Dermis
(c) Tympanic membrane
(d) Synovial fluid

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Problem 128

Ball and socket joints can be seen in
(a) Wrist
(b) Fingers
(c) Neck
(d) Shoulders

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Problem 129

The knee joint in between the thigh and lower leg is a
(a) Hinge joint
(b) Gliding joint
(c) Pivot joint
(d) Fixed joint

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Problem 130

When the head of humerus fits into glenoid cavity, the joint is
(a) Ball and socket joint
(b) Hinge joint
(c) Pivot joint
(d) Saddle joint

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Problem 131

The joint between the carpal bones and tarsal bones is
(a) Gliding joint
(b) Ball and socket joint
(c) Hinge joint
(d) Saddle joint

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Problem 132

The joint between femur and tibio-fibula is
(a) Hinge joint
(b) Saddle joint
(c) Pivot joint
(d) Imperfect joint

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Problem 133

Articulation of the atlas with the axis is an example of
(a) Hinge joint
(b) Ball and socket joint
(c) Gliding joint
(d) Pivot joint

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Problem 134

Sutural joints are found between
(a) Parietals of skull
(b) Humerus and radius-ulna
(c) Glenoid cavity and pectoral girdle
(d) Thumb and metatarsal

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Problem 135

Synovial joints is
(a) Pivot joint
(b) Hinge joint
(c) Ball and socket joint
(d) All of these

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Problem 136

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
(a) Hinge joint Between vertebrae
(b) Gliding joint Between carpal and metacarpal of thumb
(c) Cartilaginous joint $-$ between carpels
(d) Fibrous joint
$=$ Flat skull bones

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Problem 137

Name the joint that lies between sternum and the ribs in humans?
(a) Fibrous joint
(b) Gliding joint
(c) Cartilaginous joint (d) Angular joint

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Problem 138

The shoulder and hip are
(a) Pivot joint
(b) Hinge joint
(c) Ellipsoid joint
(d) Ball and socket joint

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Problem 139

Symphysis is made up of
(a) Fibrocartilage
(b) Synovial fluid
(c) Elastic cartilage
(d) Hyaline cartilage

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Problem 140

Inflammation of joints due to the accumulation of uric acid crystals occurs in
(a) Osteoporosis
(b) Gout
(c) Tetany
(d) Rickets

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Problem 141

Myasthenia gravis is
(a) auto immune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue, weakening and paralysis of skeletal muscle
(b) progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle mostly due to genetic disorder
(c) rapid spasms (wild contractions) in muscle due to low $\mathrm{Ca}^{++}$ in body fluid
(d) inflammation of joints

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Problem 142

Progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle, mostly due to genetic disorder, is
(a) Osteoporosis
(b) Gout
(c) Tetany
(d) Muscular dystrophy

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Problem 143

Tetany is due to
(a) low Ca $^{2+}$ in body fluid
(b) high $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ in body fluid
(c) high concentration of uric acid in boy fluid
(d) all

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Problem 144

Name age-related disorder which is characterized by decreased bone mass and increased chances of fractures, also decreased level of estrogen is a common cause in it.
(a) Osteoporosis
(b) Gout
(c) Tetany
(d) Muscular dystrophy

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Problem 145

Smooth muscle fibres are
(a) cylindrical, unbranched, striated, multinucleate and voluntary
(b) spindle-shaped, unbranched, non-striated, uninucleate and involuntary
(c) cylindrical, unbranched, non-striated, multinucleate and involuntary
(d) spindle-shaped, unbranched, striated, uninucleate and voluntary

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Problem 146

Assertion: Ciliary movement occurs in most of our internal tubular organs which are lined by ciliated epithelium. Reason: Passage of ova through the female reproductive tract is also facilitated by the ciliary movement.

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Problem 147

Assertion: All locomotions are movements but all movements are not locomotion. Reason: Movement is one of the significant features of living beings.

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Problem 148

Assertion: Ball and socket joints are the most mobile joints. Reason: Synovial fluid is present here in synovial cavity such arrangement allows considerable movement.

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Problem 149

Assertion: Arthritis or inflammation of a joint makes the joint painful. Reason: Some toxic substances are deposited at the joint.

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Problem 150

Assertion: Movement of body parts serves to change the body posture. Reason: Body parts move in relation to the body axis.

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Problem 151

Assertion: There are similarities between the locomotion of unicellular organisms and multicellular animal. Reason: Ciliary, flagellar and amoeboid movement occur in unicellular organisms.

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Problem 152

Assertion: White muscle fibres have very less quantity of myoglobin. Reason: White muscle fibres have high number of sarcoplasmic reticulum.

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Problem 153

Assertion: Each myosin filament is a polemerized carbohydrate. Reason: Actin filament is made up of meromysin.

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Problem 154

Assertion: Skeleton helps in the blood cell formation. Reason: Blood flows through skeleton.

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Problem 155

Assertion: Biceps and triceps are called antagonistic muscles. Reason: This is due to the fact that they contract and relax together.

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Problem 156

Assertion: Muscle contraction force increases with rise in strength of stimulus. Reason: This is due to increased contraction of individual muscle fibres with increase in stimulus strength.

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Problem 157

Assertion: Muscle as a whole doesn't obey all or none law. Reason: Each muscle fibre contracts maximally whenever it contracts.

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Problem 158

Assertion: Amoeba shows simple form of movement Reason: Streaming of protoplasm is found in amoeba

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Problem 159

Assertion: Tentacles in hydra perform multiple functions Reason: Tentacles in hydra use for capture of prey as well as for locomotion.

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Problem 160

Assertion: Macrophages and leucocytes in blood exhibit amoeboid movement Reason: They can form pseudopodia by streaming of protoplasm

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Problem 161

Assertion: We can remove dust particle and some foreign substances inhaled along with the atmospheric air from trachea Reason: Trachea is lined with ciliated epithelium

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Problem 162

Assertion: $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ ion plays important role in muscle contraction Reason: Calcium ion binds to subunit of troponin on actin filament and removes the masking of active sites for myosin

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Problem 163

Assertion: Skeletal muscle fibre is a syncitium. Reason: Sarcoplasm of skeletal muscle fibre contain many nuclei.

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Problem 164

Assertion: Skeletal muscles are striated muscles Reason: They have striped appearance under the microscope

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Problem 165

Assertion: Smooth muscles are involuntary muscles Reason: Their activities are not under voluntary control of the nervous system.

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Problem 166

Assertion: Myosin is structural protein but also act as enzyme. Reason: Myosin is use to form myofibril and can hydrolyse ATP.

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Problem 167

Assertion: Repeated activation of skeletal muscle can lead to fatigue Reason: Accumulation of lactic acid occur due to anaerobic respiration

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Problem 168

Assertion: Red fibres are referred as aerobic muscles Reason: These muscles contain large number of mitochondria which utilize the large amount of oxygen stored in them for ATP production.

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Problem 169

Assertion: Bone have very hard matrix Reason: Matrix of bone contain calcium salt in it

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Problem 170

Assertion: Gout is inflammation of muscles. Reason: It occur due to deposition of urea in muscles.

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Problem 171

Assertion: In parathyroid tetany rapid spasm of muscle occurs. Reason: It is due to low calcium ion in body fluid.

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Problem 172

Assertion: Myasthenia gravis is autoimmune disorder. Reason: It results due to antibodies are formed that block our own nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at neuromuscular junction.

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Problem 173

Assertion: Osteoporosis is characterised by increase in bone mass. Reason: Its common cause is increased level of oestrogen.

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