(1) A sailor strikes the side of his ship just below the...

(1) A sailor strikes the side of his ship just below the waterline.He hears the echo of the sound reflected from the ocean floor directly below 2.5 $\mathrm{s}$ blater. How deep is the ocean at this point? Assume the speed of Sound in sea water is 1560 $\mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}$ (Table 1$)$ and does not vary significantly $\quad$ with depth.

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Key Concepts

Speed of Sound in a Medium

This concept refers to the rate at which sound waves travel through different materials. The speed of sound varies depending on the medium's characteristics such as density and elasticity. In liquids like sea water, the speed is relatively high compared to gases but lower than in solids, and is used to calculate distances when sound waves are used for reflection-based measurements.

Echo and Reflection

An echo is a reflected sound wave that is received after the original sound is produced. The principle of reflection, where sound waves bounce off a surface such as the ocean floor, allows for the determination of distances based on the time delay between sending the sound and receiving its echo.

Round-Trip Time and Distance Measurement

This concept involves calculating the distance to an object by considering the time it takes for a sound to travel to the object and back. The total travel time is divided by two to obtain the one-way travel time, which, when multiplied by the speed of sound, gives the distance to the object or depth.

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