A capillary tube is dipped in water vertically. It is...

A capillary tube is dipped in water vertically. It is sufficient long so that water rises to maximum height $10 \mathrm{~cm}$ in the tube. The length of the portion immersed in water is $25 \mathrm{~cm}$. The lower end of the tube is closed, the tube is taken out and opened again. Then (a) All water flows out of the tube (b) The length of the water column remaining in the tube will be $10 \mathrm{~cm}$ (c) The length of the water ramaining in the tube will be $20 \mathrm{~cm}$ (d) the length of the water column remaining in the tube will be $35 \mathrm{~cm}$

A capillary tube is dipped in water vertically. It is sufficient long so that water rises to maximum height $10 \mathrm{~cm}$ in the tube. The length of the portion immersed in water is $25 \mathrm{~cm}$. The lower end of the tube is closed, the tube is taken out and opened again. Then
(a) All water flows out of the tube
(b) The length of the water column remaining in the tube will be $10 \mathrm{~cm}$
(c) The length of the water ramaining in the tube will be $20 \mathrm{~cm}$
(d) the length of the water column remaining in the tube will be $35 \mathrm{~cm}$

Key Concepts

Trapped Air Pressure Dynamics

Trapped air pressure dynamics involve the changes in the pressure of a gas enclosed in a confined space when its volume changes, as described by Boyle’s law. In systems like a modified capillary tube (with a closed end), the trapped air exerts additional pressure on the liquid, affecting the liquid’s equilibrium height when the system is manipulated, such as when the tube is opened after being sealed.

Hydrostatic Equilibrium

Hydrostatic equilibrium in a fluid is the balance between the gravitational force acting downward and the pressure difference that acts upward within the fluid column. In capillary phenomena, this equilibrium is reached when the upward force due to surface tension is exactly balanced by the weight of the liquid column, determining the maximum capillary rise.

Surface Tension

Surface tension is the property of a liquid that arises from the cohesive forces between its molecules, resulting in a contractive force at the surface of the liquid. This force plays a key role in capillary action by enabling the liquid to climb up the walls of a narrow tube, effectively creating a curved meniscus that balances internal pressure differences.

Capillary Action

Capillary action is the phenomenon where a liquid rises or falls in a narrow tube due to the combined effects of adhesive forces between the liquid and the tube material and cohesive forces within the liquid. This interplay of forces pulls the liquid up against gravity, and its extent is influenced by factors such as the surface tension of the liquid and the diameter of the tube.

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