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A green plant synthesizes glucose by photosynthesis, as shown in the reaction $$6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}(s)+6 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g)$$ Animals use glucose as a source of energy: $$\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}(s)+6 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)$$ If we were to assume that both these processes occur to the same extent in a cyclic process, what thermodynamic property must have a nonzero value?

Name: Problem 73, Chapter 17: Chemistry
Uploaded: 2020-04-19T05:59:49-08:00
Duration: 1 min 13 s
Channel: Sam Limsuwannarot
Description: A green plant synthesizes glucose by photosynthesis, as shown in the reaction 6 CO2(g)+6 H2 O(l) ⟶C6 H12 O6(s)+6 O2(g) Animals use glucose as a source of energy: C6 H12 O6(s)+6 O2(g) ⟶6 CO2(g)+6 H2 O(l) If we were to assume that both these processes occur to the same extent in a cyclic process, what thermodynamic property must have a nonzero value?

   A green plant synthesizes glucose by photosynthesis, as shown in the reaction
$$6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}(s)+6 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g)$$
Animals use glucose as a source of energy:
$$\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}(s)+6 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)$$
If we were to assume that both these processes occur to the same extent in a cyclic process, what thermodynamic property must have a nonzero value?

Chemistry

Steven S. Zumdahl,… 8th Edition

Chapter 17, Problem 73

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Solved by Expert Sam Limsuwannarot

04/19/2020

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A green plant synthesizes glucose by photosynthesis, as shown in the reaction $$6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}(s)+6 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g)$$ Animals use glucose as a source of energy: $$\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}(s)+6 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)$$ If we were to assume that both these processes occur to the same extent in a cyclic process, what thermodynamic property must have a nonzero value?

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Key Concepts

Irreversibility and Entropy Production

Even in a cycle where the initial and final states are identical, irreversible processes incur a net increase in the entropy of the universe. This entropy production is a measure of the irreversible dissipation of energy, indicating that while energy is conserved, some of it becomes unavailable for work. The nonzero net change in entropy is a hallmark of real processes and aligns with the second law of thermodynamics.

Thermodynamic Cycles and State Functions

In any cyclic process, state functions such as internal energy, enthalpy, and free energy return to their original values after one complete cycle. This means that the net change in these properties is zero even though energy flows in and out in the form of work or heat. Recognizing which properties are state functions helps in identifying that a zero net change in these does not imply that the process is reversible or without losses.

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