A transformer has 150 loops in the primary coil and 35 loops...

A transformer has 150 loops in the primary coil and 35 loops in the secondary coil. The current in the primary circuit is $2.1 \mathrm{~A}$. (a) Is the current in the secondary circuit greater than, less than, or equal to $2.1 \mathrm{~A}$ ? (b) What is the current in the secondary circuit?

A transformer has 150 loops in the primary coil and 35 loops in the secondary coil. The current in the primary circuit is $2.1 \mathrm{~A}$.
(a) Is the current in the secondary circuit greater than, less than, or equal to $2.1 \mathrm{~A}$ ?
(b) What is the current in the secondary circuit?

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Key Concepts

Transformer

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between circuits through electromagnetic induction. It typically consists of a primary coil and a secondary coil, and its primary function is to change the voltage and current levels to suit specific applications in power distribution and other systems.

Turns Ratio

The turns ratio is the ratio of the number of wire loops (or turns) in the primary coil to the number of turns in the secondary coil. This ratio is essential because it determines how the voltage and current are transformed between the primary and secondary circuits; specifically, a higher number of turns on one side compared to the other will proportionally lower or raise the voltage and inversely affect the current.

Current Relationship in an Ideal Transformer

In an ideal transformer, the current transformation is inversely proportional to the turns ratio while conserving power (disregarding any energy losses). This means that if the secondary coil has fewer turns than the primary, the secondary current will be greater than the primary current, corresponding to the decrease in the number of turns.

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