A transformer has 50 loops in the primary coil and 125 loops...

A transformer has 50 loops in the primary coil and 125 loops in the secondary coil. The voltage in the primary circuit is $25 \mathrm{~V}$. (a) Is the voltage in the secondary circuit greater than, less than, or equal to $25 \mathrm{~V}$ ? (b) What is the voltage in the secondary circuit?

A transformer has 50 loops in the primary coil and 125 loops in the secondary coil.
The voltage in the primary circuit is $25 \mathrm{~V}$.
(a) Is the voltage in the secondary circuit greater than, less than, or equal to $25 \mathrm{~V}$ ?
(b) What is the voltage in the secondary circuit?

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Key Concepts

Step-Up and Step-Down Transformers

The classification into step-up or step-down transformers depends on whether the secondary coil has more turns than the primary, or fewer. A step-up transformer has a secondary coil with more turns, leading to a higher secondary voltage compared to the primary voltage, while a step-down transformer has fewer turns, resulting in a lower secondary voltage.

Voltage Transformation

Voltage transformation in a transformer means that the voltage in the secondary coil is scaled by the ratio of the number of its turns to the number of turns in the primary coil. The formula V_secondary = (N_secondary / N_primary) × V_primary is used to calculate how much the voltage is increased or decreased.

Transformer Principle

A transformer operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction where a changing current in the primary coil creates a magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary coil. This is fundamental to how energy is transferred between two or more windings without direct electrical connection.

Turns Ratio

The turns ratio is the relationship between the number of windings in the primary coil and the secondary coil. This ratio is crucial because it directly determines the proportional change in voltage from the primary side to the secondary side.

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