As it pulls itself up to a branch, a chimpanzee accelerates...

As it pulls itself up to a branch, a chimpanzee accelerates upward at 2.2 $\mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}^{2}$ at the instant it exerts a $260-\mathrm{N}$ force downward on the branch. The situation is shown in FIGURE $5-43$ . (a) In what direction is (i) the force the branch exerts on the chim- panzee; ( ii) the force the tree exerts on the branch; and (iii) the force the chimpanzee exerts on the Earth? (b) Find the magnitude of the force the chimpan- zee exerts on the Earth.

As it pulls itself up to a branch, a chimpanzee
accelerates upward at
2.2 $\mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}^{2}$ at the instant
it exerts a $260-\mathrm{N}$ force
downward on the branch. The situation
is shown in FIGURE $5-43$ .
(a) In what direction is
(i) the force the branch
exerts on the chim-
panzee; ( ii) the force
the tree exerts on the
branch; and (iii) the
force the chimpanzee
exerts on the Earth? (b)
Find the magnitude of
the force the chimpan-
zee exerts on the Earth.

Key Concepts

Newton's Second Law of Motion

This law states that the net force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration. It provides the foundation for understanding how forces cause changes in motion and is essential for calculating unknown forces when the acceleration and mass are known.

Newton's Third Law of Motion

This principle asserts that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. It explains that forces always occur in pairs and is crucial in analyzing interactions between different objects, ensuring that forces are balanced in opposite directions when objects exert forces on each other.

Free-Body Diagrams

A free-body diagram is a graphical representation used to visualize all the forces acting on a single object. It helps in identifying the net force and understanding the contributions of individual forces to the overall motion, making it an indispensable tool in solving dynamics problems.

Gravitational Force

Gravitational force is the force of attraction between two masses, most commonly experienced as weight near the Earth’s surface. It plays a key role in dynamics when considering the net forces acting on objects, especially when they are in acceleration under the influence of gravity.

Transcript

00:01 So this problem has multiple perspectives.

00:02 So we have a branch and we have a chimpanzee pulling down on it.

00:11 And that's going to be his gravitational force plus his applied force on the branch or the chimpanzee on the branch and the force of gravity on the chimpanzee.

00:27 Okay, so the first thing in what direction is the force the branch exerts on the chimpanzee.

00:32 So it's going to be a normal force like going down on like the palm of his hand or whatever so the direction that the branch does on the chimpanzee will be up part two of these the force the tree exerts on the branch so the tree exerting on the branch i guess the the branch the chimpanzees trying to pull the branch down so i guess the tree, well, yeah, i don't, i guess the direction that the branch is pulling, it might be pulling the branch towards it.

01:24 So part two would be the tree holding the branch on by pulling it in.

01:32 Part one was upward.

01:35 Oh, lordy.

01:36 Okay.

01:36 In part three, the force the chimpanzee exerts on the earth.

01:42 Well, that's going to be a gravitational force.

01:45 And so i guess the force that he's pulling the earth towards him in an upward direction as well.

01:52 So an odd question.

01:55 Okay, so part b asks, i'll find the magnitude of the force that chimpanzee exerts on the earth.

02:05 So that would just be like his mass times, i mean his just mass times gravity.

02:18 So it's just going to be, it's, okay, so his weight.

02:29 Oh, we don't know his mass.

02:31 I see.

02:32 Okay, so he is accelerating upward.

02:46 Let's figure this out.

02:48 Okay, so the amount of force that he's pulling down on the branch, just let erase and selected.

02:57 Okay, so the force that he's pulling on the branch, so the force of the chimpanzee on the branch is 260 newtons.

03:28 Okay, so the total force that he's putting, so the net force is going to be his mass times the net acceleration.

03:55 Okay, and the force that he's pulling down causes him to accelerate...

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