Assume that a 100-W light bulb gives off 2.50 % of its...

Assume that a $100-\mathrm{W}$ light bulb gives off $2.50 \%$ of its energy as visible light. How many photons of visible light are given off in 1.00 min? (Use an average visible wavelength of $550 \mathrm{nm}$.)

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Key Concepts

Power and Energy Relationship

This concept involves understanding that power is the rate of energy consumption or production, so energy can be calculated by multiplying power by time. It is fundamental when determining the total energy output over a given period.

Energy Conversion Efficiency

Efficiency represents the fraction of energy that is usefully converted into a desired form. In many contexts, including lighting, only a portion of the total energy output is transformed into the useful form (e.g., visible light), with the rest typically lost as heat or other forms.

Photon Energy Calculation

The energy of a photon is determined by the equation E = hc/?, where h is Planck's constant, c is the speed of light, and ? is the wavelength of the photon. This relation is essential in physics as it connects the wave-like properties of light to its particle nature.

Photon Flux Determination

By dividing the total energy (adjusted for efficiency) by the energy of a single photon, one calculates the number of photons emitted. This technique is widely applicable in quantum physics and optics to quantify the flow of photons from a source.

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