Assuming a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, 21% of a population...

Assuming a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, 21% of a population
is homozygous dominant, 50% is heterozygous, and 29% is
homozygous recessive. What percentage of the next generation
is predicted to be homozygous recessive?
a. 21%
b. 50%
c. 29%
d. 42%
e. 58%

Key Concepts

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

This is a principle in population genetics that states under certain ideal conditions (such as a very large population size, random mating, no mutation, no migration, and no selection), the allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant through successive generations. It provides the foundational model for understanding how genetic variation is transmitted and maintained in a population.

Genotype Frequency Calculations

These calculations involve using the Hardy-Weinberg equation (p² + 2pq + q² = 1) to determine the frequencies of different genotypes (homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive) based on allele frequencies. This concept is crucial when predicting the distribution of genetic traits in a population and verifying whether a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Allele Frequency

Allele frequency refers to the proportion of all copies of a gene that is made up of a specific allele. In the context of the Hardy-Weinberg principle, these frequencies (denoted as p for the dominant allele and q for the recessive allele) underpin the calculation of genotype frequencies. Accurately determining allele frequencies is essential for predicting the genetic makeup of future generations under equilibrium conditions.

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