Bt-toxin is insecticidal because (a) Activated toxin binds...

Name: Problem 22, Chapter 12: Objective Biology for NEET
Uploaded: 2021-11-20T09:29:31-08:00
Duration: 1 min 42 s
Channel: Hast Aggarwal
Description: Bt-toxin is insecticidal because (a) Activated toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells and creates pores that causes swelling and lysis and eventually cause death of the insect. (b) It decreases the growth of the nervous system of the insect. (c) It makes the insects unable to fly (d) It kills insects by affecting its blood flow.

Bt-toxin is insecticidal because (a) Activated toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells and creates pores that causes swelling and lysis and eventually cause death of the insect. (b) It decreases the growth of the nervous system of the insect. (c) It makes the insects unable to fly (d) It kills insects by affecting its blood flow.

Bt-toxin is insecticidal because
(a) Activated toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells and creates pores that causes swelling and lysis and eventually cause death of the insect.
(b) It decreases the growth of the nervous system of the insect.
(c) It makes the insects unable to fly
(d) It kills insects by affecting its blood flow.

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Key Concepts

Insect Midgut Epithelium

The insect midgut epithelium is the primary site for digestion and nutrient absorption. It also acts as a defensive barrier against pathogens and toxins. Bt-toxins target this tissue by binding to specific receptors present on the epithelial cells, triggering the formation of lethal pores. Understanding the role of the midgut epithelium is crucial to grasp the selective toxicity and efficacy of Bt-toxins as an insecticidal agent.

Bt-toxin (Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin)

Bt-toxin is a naturally occurring protein produced by the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, commonly used as a biopesticide. Upon activation in the insect gut, the toxin specifically targets insect pests by binding to receptors on the midgut epithelial cells. Its specificity and safety profile make it an important tool in integrated pest management and in reducing reliance on broad-spectrum chemical insecticides.

Pore-forming Mechanism

The activated Bt-toxin operates through a pore-forming mechanism. Once bound to the receptors on the surface of midgut epithelial cells, it inserts into the cell membrane and creates pores, which disrupt the cell’s osmotic balance. The resulting swelling and eventual lysis of these cells leads to disruption of gut integrity, septicemia, and ultimately, the death of the insect pest.

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