Calculate the free energy change for this reaction at 25^∘ C. Is the reaction spontaneous? 2 Ca

step 1 In this question we've been given a reaction in which calcium reacts with oxygen to form calcium

Calculate the free energy change for this reaction at 25^∘...

Calculate the free energy change for this reaction at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. Is the reaction spontaneous? $$ \begin{gathered} 2 \mathrm{Ca}(s)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{CaO}(s) \\ \Delta H_{\mathrm{rxn}}^{\circ}=-1269.8 \mathrm{~kJ} ; \Delta S_{\mathrm{rxn}}^{\circ}=-364.6 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{K} \end{gathered} $$

Calculate the free energy change for this reaction at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. Is the reaction spontaneous?
$$
\begin{gathered}
2 \mathrm{Ca}(s)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{CaO}(s) \\
\Delta H_{\mathrm{rxn}}^{\circ}=-1269.8 \mathrm{~kJ} ; \Delta S_{\mathrm{rxn}}^{\circ}=-364.6 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{K}
\end{gathered}
$$

Key Concepts

Gibbs Free Energy

Gibbs free energy is a thermodynamic potential that measures the maximum reversible work obtainable from a process at constant temperature and pressure. It is calculated using the equation ?G = ?H - T?S, which combines the effects of enthalpy (heat content) and entropy (degree of disorder) to predict the feasibility of a reaction.

Reaction Spontaneity

The sign of the Gibbs free energy change (?G) determines whether a reaction is spontaneous. A negative ?G indicates a spontaneous process, meaning the reaction can proceed without the input of external energy, while a positive ?G suggests that the reaction is non-spontaneous under the given conditions.

Enthalpy and Entropy

Enthalpy (?H) is a measure of the total energy change, primarily associated with heat absorbed or released during a reaction. Entropy (?S) quantifies the degree of randomness or disorder in the system. These two thermodynamic parameters are used together in the Gibbs free energy equation to assess the energetic balance and feasibility of reactions.

Unit Conversion in Thermodynamics

Consistency in unit usage is essential in thermodynamic calculations. When using the equation ?G = ?H - T?S, if ?H is in kilojoules and ?S in joules per kelvin, it is necessary to convert ?S to kilojoules per kelvin to ensure that both terms in the equation are expressed in the same unit system.

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