Chemistry of Fermentation Yeast converts glucose (C6 H12 O6) in aqueous solution into ethanol (C

step 1 Alright, so let's go through a fermentation reaction. So yeast converts glucose, which is going

Chemistry of Fermentation Yeast converts glucose (C6 H12 O6)...

Chemistry of Fermentation Yeast converts glucose $\left(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}\right)$ in aqueous solution into ethanol $\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\right.$ $d=0.789 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL})$ in a process called fermentation. Carbon dioxide is also produced. a. Write a balanced chemical equation for the fermentation reaction. b. If 100.0 grams of glucose yields $50.0 \mathrm{mL}$ of ethanol, what is the percent yield for the reaction?

Chemistry of Fermentation Yeast converts glucose $\left(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}\right)$ in aqueous solution into ethanol $\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\right.$ $d=0.789 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL})$ in a process called fermentation. Carbon dioxide is also produced.
a. Write a balanced chemical equation for the fermentation reaction.
b. If 100.0 grams of glucose yields $50.0 \mathrm{mL}$ of ethanol, what is the percent yield for the reaction?

Key Concepts

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a balanced chemical reaction. It involves using the mole concept to convert between mass, number of moles, and volume, which is essential for predicting theoretical yields in chemical processes.

Balanced Chemical Equation

This concept involves writing an equation that accurately represents a chemical reaction, ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides. In the context of fermentation, this means depicting the conversion of a substrate into products while obeying the law of conservation of mass.

Percent Yield Calculation

Percent yield is a measure of the efficiency of a chemical reaction, defined as the ratio of the actual yield of a product to the theoretical yield predicted by stoichiometry, multiplied by 100. This concept is crucial in practical chemistry to assess how closely an experimental procedure approaches the ideal outcome.

Transcript

00:01 Alright, so let's go through a fermentation reaction.

00:04 So yeast converts glucose, which is going to be c6, h12, 06, and this is going to be an aqua solution into some ethanol, dh3, dh2, and it creates some carbon dioxide as well.

00:31 Alright, so this is going to be our equation.

00:34 And we need to balance it to find out how much of each molecule we have.

00:39 So this ethanol is a bit messy, and we can't really keep track of the elements this way.

00:44 So let's rewrite ethanol.

00:47 So it's a bit easier to balance.

00:49 So ch3, ch2oh will be c2h6o.

00:58 Okay.

00:59 So it's going to be a bit easier to keep track of all the elements this way.

01:02 Way.

01:03 So we're going to have six carbons on the left, two carbons on the right, plus this one.

01:08 So that's three.

01:10 So we're going to need to get six carbons on the right side of the equation.

01:14 Now, we can put six in front of this, or we can put a three in front of this carbon of ethanol, and that'll give us six, but we'll have this one left over.

01:26 So we can't put a three there.

01:27 So we need some way to get six in all.

01:31 And so if we put a two right here, we'll have four carbons right here.

01:37 And we can also put a two right here and get four carbons.

01:44 So, or two more carbons to add to this four.

01:48 And that'll be six in all.

01:49 So if we count our carbons, we have six on the left and six on the right.

01:54 We'll have 12 hydrogen on the left.

01:56 The six times two is 12.

01:58 And then for oxygen, we have six, these two, plus these four.

02:04 So this is our balanced chemical equation for fermentation...