Complete the following table by calculating the missing entries and indicating whether the solut

Complete the following table by calculating the missing...

Key Concepts

Ion Product of Water (Kw)

The ion product of water, denoted as Kw, is the equilibrium constant for the self-ionization of water into hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions. At 25°C, Kw is typically 1.0 x 10^-14, which provides the critical relationship between [H+] and [OH-] necessary for calculating pH or pOH when one of the ion concentrations is known.

pH is a logarithmic measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. It indicates the acidity or basicity of the solution, with lower values corresponding to more acidic conditions and higher values corresponding to basic conditions. This concept is fundamental in understanding how substances interact in aqueous environments.

pOH

pOH is a logarithmic scale used to measure the hydroxide ion concentration in a solution, playing a parallel role to pH but focusing on basicity rather than acidity. Understanding pOH allows for a comprehensive analysis of a solution's chemical properties, especially in conjunction with pH.

Relationship between pH and pOH

The equation pH + pOH = 14 at 25°C establishes a direct relationship between the acidity and basicity of a solution. This relationship is essential in solving for unknown concentrations in acid-base problems and understanding how shifts in one parameter affect the other.

Acidic vs Basic Solutions

A solution’s classification as acidic or basic is determined by its pH value. Acidic solutions have a pH lower than 7, indicating a higher concentration of hydrogen ions, whereas basic (or alkaline) solutions have a pH greater than 7, reflecting a higher concentration of hydroxide ions. This concept is key to predicting the behavior of substances in various chemical reactions.

Transcript

00:03 In this question, we have to complete the table by calculating the missing entries and we also have to indicate whether the solution is acidic or basic.

00:15 For the first one, hydrogen ion concentration is given.

00:22 H plus iron concentration given as 5 .7 times 10 to the power negative 3m.

00:29 So, ph, ph is negative low of hydrogen ion concentration.

00:36 Here it is 5 .7, 10 to the power, negative 3.

00:44 And the value is 2 .24.

00:49 Since the ph is less than 7, 2 .24, so the solution is acid.

00:56 Now, ph plus poh is 14.

01:01 So, p .o .h is 14 minus ph, which is 2 .24.

01:09 So it is 11 .76.

01:12 Now, pohh means negative log oh minus ion concentration.

01:19 That is 11 .76.

01:22 So oh minus ion concentration is 10 to the power negative 11 .76.

01:29 And the value is 1 .7 times 10 to the power negative 12m.

01:35 So this is the concentration of oh minus iron.

01:40 Now we'll move to the second one.

01:42 For the second one, oh minus ion concentration is given as 6 .3 times 10 to the power minus 10.

01:52 Therefore, p .o .h is negative log, oh, h minus, ion concentration which is 6 .3 10 to the power minus 10.

02:04 And the value is 9 .20.

02:09 So, ph will be 14 minus poh, which is 9 .20.

02:16 So ph will be 4 .80.

02:21 Here also, since the ph is less than 7, it is 4 .80.

02:27 So the solution is acid.

02:29 Now we know the ph so ph means log hydrogen ion concentration which is 4 .80.

02:39 So the concentration of hydrogen ion is 10 to the power negative 4 .80 which is 1 .6 times 10 to the power minus 5 molar.

02:53 Now, for the next one, ph is given.

03:00 Ph is given as 9 .95.

03:05 Therefore, poh, ph plus poh is 14, so poh will be 14 minus ph, which is 9 .95, that is 4 .05.

03:17 Therefore oh h minus iron concentration is 10 to the power negative 4 .05 and it is 8 .9 times 10 to the power minus 5.

03:31 Here let's calculate the hydrogen ion concentration ph means negative log oh h plus ion concentration which is 9 .95 so h plus ion concentration is 10 .95 so h plus iron concentration is 10 to the power negative 9 .95.

03:51 So, h plus iron concentration 1 .1, 10 to the power minus 10 m...

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