Consider the complex ions Co(NH3)6^3+, Co(CN)6^3-, and CoF6^3-. The wavelengths of absorbed elec

step 1 So for this problem, we're talking about electromagnetic radiation, talking about colors of coor

Consider the complex ions Co(NH3)6^3+, Co(CN)6^3-, and...

Consider the complex ions $\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{6}^{3+}, \mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{CN})_{6}^{3-}$, and $\mathrm{CoF}_{6}^{3-}$. The wavelengths of absorbed electromagnetic radiation for these compounds (in no specific order) are $770 \mathrm{~nm}, 440 \mathrm{~nm}$, and $290 \mathrm{~nm}$. Match the complex ion to the wavelength of absorbed electromagnetic radiation.

Consider the complex ions $\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{6}^{3+}, \mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{CN})_{6}^{3-}$, and $\mathrm{CoF}_{6}^{3-}$.
The wavelengths of absorbed electromagnetic radiation for these compounds (in no specific order) are $770 \mathrm{~nm}, 440 \mathrm{~nm}$, and $290 \mathrm{~nm}$. Match the complex ion to the wavelength of absorbed electromagnetic radiation.

Key Concepts

Crystal Field Splitting

This concept involves the energy separation between sets of d orbitals that occurs when a transition metal ion is placed in the electrostatic field created by surrounding ligands. The magnitude of splitting influences the energies required for d–d electronic transitions, which in turn determines the wavelengths of light the complex will absorb.

Spectrochemical Series

The spectrochemical series arranges ligands based on the field strength they exert once coordinated to a metal ion. It indicates which ligands produce large or small crystal field splitting; strong field ligands induce a larger splitting of the d orbitals, resulting in electronic transitions that require higher energy (shorter wavelength) photons, whereas weak field ligands cause smaller splitting, absorbing lower energy (longer wavelength) light.

Electronic Transitions

Electronic transitions refer to the promotion of electrons between different energy levels (or orbitals) within a metal complex, most notably between the split d orbitals. The energy difference of these transitions matches the energy of the absorbed photon, connecting the concepts of d orbital splitting and the observed absorption wavelengths.

Wavelength-Energy Relationship

This principle is based on the inverse relationship between the wavelength of light and its energy as described by the equation E = hc/?. A shorter wavelength corresponds to higher energy absorption, which directly connects to the size of the crystal field splitting in a coordination complex.

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