Draw an energy versus reaction progress diagram (similar to...

Draw an energy versus reaction progress diagram (similar to the one in Question 76 ) for each of the reactions whose activation energy and enthalpy change are given below. (a) $\Delta H^{\circ}=-145 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} ; E_{\mathrm{a}}=75 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$ (b) $\Delta H^{\circ}=-70 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} ; E_{\mathrm{a}}=65 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$ (c) $\Delta H^{\circ}=70 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} ; E_{\mathrm{a}}=85 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$

Draw an energy versus reaction progress diagram (similar to the one in Question 76 ) for each of the reactions whose activation energy and enthalpy change are given below.
(a) $\Delta H^{\circ}=-145 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} ; E_{\mathrm{a}}=75 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$
(b) $\Delta H^{\circ}=-70 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} ; E_{\mathrm{a}}=65 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$
(c) $\Delta H^{\circ}=70 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} ; E_{\mathrm{a}}=85 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$

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Key Concepts

Transition State

The highest energy state along the reaction coordinate. It represents a fleeting and unstable configuration of atoms where old bonds are partially broken and new ones are being formed. The energy of the transition state relative to the reactants defines the activation energy.

Enthalpy Change (?H)

This term describes the overall difference in energy between the reactants and the products. A negative ?H indicates that energy is released during the reaction (exothermic), whereas a positive ?H indicates that energy is absorbed (endothermic).

Activation Energy (Ea)

This is the minimum amount of energy that reactants must acquire to reach the transition state and form products. It effectively represents the energy barrier that must be overcome for the chemical reaction to occur, influencing the reaction rate.

Reaction Coordinate Diagram

A graphical representation that plots the energy of a chemical system over the course of a reaction, showing the progression from reactants to transition state and finally to products. It visually depicts how energy is absorbed or released during the course of the reaction.

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