Give the IUPAC name for each of the following, using cis or trans prefixes: (FIGURE CAN'T COPY)

Name: Problem 30, Chapter 11: Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
Uploaded: 2020-06-04T15:20:52-08:00
Duration: 4 min 18 s
Channel: Lottie Adams
Description: Give the IUPAC name for each of the following, using cis or trans prefixes: (FIGURE CAN'T COPY)

Give the IUPAC name for each of the following, using cis or...

Key Concepts

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds based on their structure. This system assigns a unique name to each compound by identifying the longest carbon chain, substituents, functional groups, and other relevant features in a logical order. The aim is to provide clarity and uniformity in naming across different regions and disciplines, making it easier for chemists to understand and communicate chemical structures.

Geometric Isomerism

Geometric isomerism refers to the phenomenon where molecules with the same molecular formula have different spatial arrangements of atoms due to restricted rotation, typically around double bonds or cyclic structures. These isomers are distinguished by terms like 'cis' and 'trans', which indicate the relative positions of certain substituents. Geometric isomerism is crucial in determining the physical and chemical properties of compounds.

Cis-Trans Prefixes

Cis-trans prefixes are used in the IUPAC naming system to indicate the spatial configuration of substituents in compounds exhibiting geometric isomerism. The 'cis' prefix is assigned when similar or higher priority groups are on the same side of the double bond or ring, while the 'trans' prefix is used when they are on opposite sides. These labels help in distinguishing isomers that, despite having the same connectivity of atoms, differ significantly in their arrangement and properties.

Transcript

00:01 This podcast here we will just be looking at cis and trans isomers again we will be given the structures however we will need to work out the name from the structures so let's just get straight into it so we've got our first example here on the left so like any compound when i go about naming i will start with the numbering the carbon chain one two three four okay so i've got but butte are, we've got bute -en, and we've got a double bond on the second carbon.

00:43 My apologies for squeezing that in there, that is the number two.

00:47 So so far we've got butte 2 -ean.

00:50 However, we need to draw our mirror plane.

00:54 And remember, we will have hydrogens here.

00:58 And now looking at our mirror plane, either side, our biggest groups, so atom with the highest atomic number of each side or both on this top.

01:09 So this is cis but twoine.

01:13 Now if we look at our second example, again we have one, two, three, four carbons we have but two in again, but two in.

01:26 However, if we draw a mirror plane down here, down our double bond, remembering again you've got hydrogen, we just don't have them draw.

01:36 Drawn on the very condensed structure.

01:40 You see that our atoms of each side with the highest atomic mass are on opposite sides.

01:48 So here we have our transbuttecine.

01:53 Okay, it's very important when you're drawing the mirror plane and then looking at the groups each side of it.

02:01 So we've got a couple more examples here...

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