Give the name or condensed structural formula, as...

Give the name or condensed structural formula, as appropriate: a. (b) 2,2 -dimethylpentane (c) 4 -ethyl-1,1-dimethylcyclohexane (d) $\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CHCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{C}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3}$ (e) $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5}\right) \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}$

Give the name or condensed structural formula, as appropriate:
a.
(b) 2,2 -dimethylpentane
(c) 4 -ethyl-1,1-dimethylcyclohexane
(d) $\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CHCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{C}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3}$
(e) $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5}\right) \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}$

Key Concepts

IUPAC Nomenclature

This concept refers to the systematic method used for naming organic compounds as established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It involves rules for selecting the longest carbon chain as the parent structure, numbering the chain to assign the lowest possible locant numbers to substituents, and appropriately naming and positioning alkyl groups and other functional groups within the molecule.

Structural Formula Representation

This involves expressing the molecular structure of organic compounds using condensed or full structural formulas. Condensed formulas provide a streamlined yet detailed depiction of how atoms are connected, highlighting branches and substituents while omitting some of the bond-delineating lines that are present in full structural drawings.

Alkane Branching and Numbering

This concept focuses on the principles used to identify and name branched alkanes. It includes selecting the correct parent chain, determining the appropriate positions for substituents, and applying rules that ensure the substituents are listed with the lowest possible numbers, which is essential for consistency and clarity in organic compound naming.

Transcript

00:01 Okay, so we want to give the names or the formulas for the following.

00:04 And in the first one, we have, we have this.

00:13 So we have a purple chain up here, and the middle carbon is attached to this carbon, or it's attached to a methyl.

00:29 Then the center carbon is attached to a four carbon chain.

00:46 So instead of we're going to have five in the center.

00:51 And we always want to identify the parent chain, which is the longest chain.

00:55 So if we count this way, we'll have one, two, three, four, five and six, which is one possibility.

01:03 But if we count starting from up here, we have one, two, three, four, five, six, and seven.

01:11 So the pair name is actually heptene.

01:14 And we're going to have a methyl on carbon two as well as carbon three.

01:20 So if we draw out the structure first like this, i think it's easier.

01:26 And carbon two has a methyl group as well as carbon three.

01:31 Again, focus on the letter is in red.

01:38 So this is going to be 2 -3 -dymethyl and heptane, which 7 carbons.

01:56 X -1 is 2 -2 -dye -methyl pentine.

02:01 K, so penitentine is 5.

02:05 And we have methyl groups on carbon -corbin 2.

02:13 So if we count this way, that could be carbon 2, but this could also be carbon -2 as well.

02:18 So it doesn't matter which way you go.

02:23 And the formula for this, we have 5 carbons in pentene, and then 2 on the method groups.

02:29 We're going to have 7 in total we have two hydrogens here and here that's 4 if you're on the end it's going to be 7 3 here is 10 3 here is 13 and then 16 and we also have hydrogens on the carbon i'm sorry, never mind no i can see we have 4 -ethyl 1 -1 diomethyl cyclone cycleaxine.

02:54 In case of cyclo is a ring hexane is 6 and an ethyl group is a derivative of ethene which is two carbons so let's draw the ring first.

03:08 It's shape like this.

03:14 This is going to be carbon 1.

03:15 We have two methyl groups.

03:17 Carbon 4 has the ethyl.

03:21 So we have six carbons in the ring.

03:23 And then 7, 8, 9, and 10.

03:29 We have two hydrogens on this carbon, this carbon, and this carbon.

03:33 It'll be 6.

03:35 3 at the end...