How many protons and neutrons are contained in the nucleus...

How many protons and neutrons are contained in the nucleus of each of the following atoms? Given that each atom is uncharged, how many electrons are present? a. $_{94}^{244} \mathrm{Pu}$ b. $_{95}^{241} \mathrm{Am}$ c. $_{89}^{227} \mathrm{Ac}$ d. $_{55}^{133} \mathrm{Cs}$ e. $_{77}^{193} \mathrm{Ir}$ f. $_{25}^{56} \mathrm{Mn}$

How many protons and neutrons are contained in the nucleus of each of the following atoms?
Given that each atom is uncharged, how many electrons are present?
a. $_{94}^{244} \mathrm{Pu}$
b. $_{95}^{241} \mathrm{Am}$
c. $_{89}^{227} \mathrm{Ac}$
d. $_{55}^{133} \mathrm{Cs}$
e. $_{77}^{193} \mathrm{Ir}$
f. $_{25}^{56} \mathrm{Mn}$

Key Concepts

Electrons in Neutral Atoms

For an atom that is electrically neutral, the number of electrons equals the number of protons. This balance ensures that the positive charge of the protons is exactly neutralized by the negative charge of the electrons.

Neutron Number

The neutron number in an atom can be calculated by subtracting the atomic number (number of protons) from the mass number (total nucleons). This value indicates the number of neutrons contained in the nucleus.

Mass Number

The mass number is the total number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) in an atom's nucleus. It is often written as a superscript to the left of the element symbol, and it provides the sum that, minus the atomic number, gives the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

Atomic Number

The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It uniquely determines the identity of an element and, in a neutral atom, it is also equal to the number of electrons surrounding the nucleus.

Transcript

00:01 So on the screen, we have some atomic symbols and some numbers beside the atomic symbols.

00:07 So here, we're actually just going to define how many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in each element just based off of the numbers that they are given to us and the element.

00:18 All right.

00:19 So here i have an example, as you can see, over here to the right of our general setup of how each symbol is.

00:27 So for each element, as you see, we have their atomic symbol, which is going to be this letter.

00:35 For here, i have a letter, etz, but that's just representing the atomic symbol.

00:40 And then this number in the top left right here is going to be your atomic mass.

00:44 The atomic mass is made up of your amount of protons and your amount of neutrons added together.

00:50 And this number here at the bottom left is going to be your number of protons, which is also going to be your atomic number.

00:59 And your atomic number is going to be where identifies this element other than this name, of course.

01:08 So this bottom left number is the number protons, also known as your atomic number.

01:12 And if this top number is your atomic mass, which contains neutrons and protons.

01:19 So this is going to equal your neutrons plus your protons.

01:23 So this number can be found by adding up your neutrons of protons.

01:28 So if you have your protons, we can just subtract your number of protons from this number and you'll get your number of neutrons.

01:36 And so in turn, for each of these, if you just subtract this atomic mass, the number up top from the number of protons, the number at the bottom, also known as the atomic mass, you'll be able to find your number of neutrons.

01:50 So let's do that for each.

01:51 So for this first element, plutonium, you're going to have 244 minus 94, which is going to be 150.

01:58 So for this, you're going to have 150 neutrons.

02:02 For the next question, likewise, you're going to have for ameri -e -m -syam, sorry, 241 minus 95, which is going to be 146.

02:12 Then, likewise, you're going to keep following the same pattern...

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