Identifique el ácido de Brønsted-Lowry y la base de...

Identifique el ácido de Brønsted-Lowry y la base de Brønsted-Lowry del lado izquierdo de las ecuaciones siguientes, y además el ácido conjugado y la base conjugada del lado derechos (a) $\mathrm{CHO}_2{ }^{-}(a c)+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(l) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{HCHO}_2(a c)+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(a c)$ (b) $\mathrm{HSO}_4^{-}(a c)+\mathrm{HCO}_3^{-}(a c) \rightleftharpoons$ $$ \mathrm{SO}_4{ }^{2-}(a c)+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{CO}_3(a c) $$ (c) $\mathrm{HSO}_3{ }^{-}(a c)+\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{O}^{+}(a c) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_3(a c)+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(l)$

Identifique el ácido de Brønsted-Lowry y la base de Brønsted-Lowry del lado izquierdo de las ecuaciones siguientes, y además el ácido conjugado y la base conjugada del lado derechos
(a) $\mathrm{CHO}_2{ }^{-}(a c)+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(l) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{HCHO}_2(a c)+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(a c)$
(b) $\mathrm{HSO}_4^{-}(a c)+\mathrm{HCO}_3^{-}(a c) \rightleftharpoons$
$$
\mathrm{SO}_4{ }^{2-}(a c)+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{CO}_3(a c)
$$
(c) $\mathrm{HSO}_3{ }^{-}(a c)+\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{O}^{+}(a c) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_3(a c)+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(l)$

Key Concepts

Brønsted-Lowry Acid

This concept refers to any substance that can donate a proton (H?) in a chemical reaction. In the framework of acid-base chemistry, a Brønsted-Lowry acid is characterized by its ability to provide a proton to a base, thus playing a central role in proton transfer reactions and influencing the direction and equilibrium of acid-base processes.

Brønsted-Lowry Base

A Brønsted-Lowry base is defined as any substance that can accept a proton during a chemical reaction. This property of accepting protons is crucial for initiating and sustaining acid-base reactions, where the base reacts with the acid, thereby altering the chemical environment and leading to the formation of conjugate species.

Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs

In a proton transfer reaction, the original acid and base transform into a pair of related species – the conjugate base and conjugate acid, respectively. This pair is interrelated by the gain or loss of a proton, and the stability of these conjugate species often determines the position of the equilibrium in the acid-base reaction.

Proton Transfer Reactions

These reactions involve the movement of a proton from one molecule or ion (the acid) to another (the base), and are the foundation of Brønsted-Lowry acid-base theory. Understanding proton transfer helps in predicting reaction mechanisms, equilibrium positions, and the behavior of substances in different chemical environments.

Transcript

00:01 All right, today we're going to be doing chapter 16, section problem 18, where we had to identify broncholar acid bates as well as its conjugates.

00:09 And so to be able to do that, we're going to first just do a general problem where we have an acid and base and then figuring out what a bronson lary acid and base is.

00:20 So a bronson lary acid has to be able to donate a proton.

00:24 And a bronson lary base has to be able to accept a proton.

00:30 In this general equation, this is going to be its acid, and this is going to be its base, because this hydrogen is going to donate to this base.

00:45 And then in this over here, we see that this is going to be its conjugate base, because it would be able to receive that hydrogen from this base over here.

01:02 And then this is going to be the conjugate acid because it's able to donate that hydrogen.

01:11 So now since we know the general idea of what a bronz and lary acid and bases, the acid and base will always be on the left side where the conjugates will always be on the right.

01:25 And knowing that an acid always has to donate and a base always has to accept, you'll be able to be able to find if it's an acid and base and being able to determine if it's conjugate acidary base is always dependent on its left or right side.

01:38 So getting down to the questions, for part a, we have hbro plus h -2 -o goes to h -3 -o plus b -r -o -minus.

02:04 So the first thing we have to do here is figure out where the hydrogen is moving to.

02:10 So first, i'm going to look between the waters and see what's going on.

02:14 So this water is going from h2o to h3o.

02:18 So we know that this water is gaining a hydrogen.

02:22 So if something is able to gain a hydrogen, we know that it is a base.

02:26 This h2o is going to be used as a base in this case.

02:31 And so if this is a base, then this has to be an acid.

02:38 And then if this is the acid on this side, then this has to be its conjugate base.

02:47 And this has to be the conjugate acid.

02:52 And we can check if it's the correct way by seeing if this is going to accept that hydrogen in a wood...

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