If iron is oxidized by Cd^2+ but iron does not reduce Ga^3+, where would you place cadmium and g

step 1 Okay, iron is oxidized by cadmium, so iron is above cadmium in the activity series, but iron doe

If iron is oxidized by Cd^2+ but iron does not reduce Ga^3+,...

If iron is oxidized by $\mathrm{Cd}^{2+}$ but iron does not reduce $\mathrm{Ga}^{3+},$ where would you place cadmium and gallium in the activity series? Which metal would you test to firmly establish gallium's position?

Key Concepts

Experimental Determination of Metal Positions

By testing metals in salt solutions and observing whether a displacement reaction occurs, one can experimentally determine a metal’s relative position in the activity series. Choosing a metal that is widely accepted to have a borderline reactivity can help pin down the exact ranking of an uncertain metal, and this method is critical when predicting or verifying the reactivity order among metals.

Standard Reduction Potentials

Standard reduction potentials quantitatively express a species’ tendency to gain electrons (undergo reduction). Metals with more negative reduction potentials more readily oxidize (lose electrons) and are considered more active; comparing these values helps to predict and understand metal displacement reactions and to construct the activity series.

Activity Series

The activity series is a ranking of metals (and some nonmetals) arranged by their tendency to lose electrons (i.e. to be oxidized) and, thereby, to displace other metals from their compounds in solution. A metal higher in the series will displace the ion of a metal lower in the series from its salt solution, and this fundamental idea is used to predict the course of single?displacement (redox) reactions.

Displacement (Redox) Reactions

In redox displacement reactions, one metal takes electrons from another, causing the oxidation of the more active metal while reducing the ion of the less active one to its elemental form. Observations of whether a metal can or cannot displace another metal’s ion serve as experimental evidence for the relative reactivity of the metals involved.

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