00:01
The octet rule states that atoms want to become stable when they form chemical bonds, such that they achieve a valence shell containing eight electrons like a noble gas.
00:13
So when you have a covalent compound like, for instance, cf4, the carbon forms bonds to four different fluorines, and each bond is two electrons.
00:28
So carbon has eight valence electrons, and then each fluorine is going to have three lone pairs.
00:34
And one bond for a total of eight electrons in its valence shell, and then everything follows the oxide rule.
00:44
There are some compounds that contain exceptions to the oxytrille, but for the most part, we're going for eight electrons.
00:53
When you have an ionic compound, like for instance, nacl, it's made up of the ions n -a -plus and cl -minus.
01:06
And so, and the reason that sodium forms na plus is because it wants to lose an electron to become isoelectric with neon, to have 10 electrons.
01:17
It normally has 11 and it loses one.
01:19
And chlorine wants to gain one so it becomes isoelectric with the noble gas argon...