In the compound below, find the stereocenter, and label the four groups from 1 to 4 using the sy

step 1 So in this problem, the first step is to find the chiro center. So we know that a chiro center i

In the compound below, find the stereocenter, and label the...

Key Concepts

Stereocenter

A stereocenter is an atom—often a carbon—in a molecule that is bonded to four different substituents. This unique arrangement creates a center of chirality, meaning that the molecule can exist in forms that are non-superimposable mirror images. Its identification is key in understanding molecular properties and reactivity in stereochemistry.

Cahn-Ingold-Prelog Priority Rules

The Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) priority rules provide a systematic method for ranking substituents around a stereocenter based on the atomic number (or atomic weight) of the atoms directly bonded to the chiral center. By following these rules, chemists can assign priorities, which are essential for determining the absolute configuration (R or S) of a chiral molecule.

Absolute Configuration

Absolute configuration refers to the specific three-dimensional arrangement of the groups attached to a stereocenter, denoted by R (rectus) or S (sinister). This designation is determined using the prioritized substituent order from the CIP rules and is crucial for characterizing chiral molecules and predicting their behavior in chemical reactions.

Chirality

Chirality is the property of a molecule that makes it non-superimposable on its mirror image, much like how left and right hands differ. This characteristic is important because enantiomers, or chiral molecules with opposite configurations, can exhibit significantly different chemical properties and biological activities.

Transcript

00:02 So in this problem, the first step is to find the chiro center.

00:07 So we know that a chiro center is a carbon molecule that's bound to four different types of molecules.

00:13 And we know that carbon has to be bound to four different types of molecules.

00:18 So a chiro center is a particularly special carbon that's bound to four different types of molecules.

00:23 So now the way we're going to go about this problem is we're going to evaluate all of the possible carbon centers and see which one could be the chiro...

00:32 Center.

00:34 So this we're going to see this is the first carbon molecule and it is attached to two methyl groups and so we can see that it is attached to a one second let me just okay, so we can see that it's attached to a ch3 over here and a ch3 over here so and then it is also attached to this group over here, right? so we can see that this cannot be the cairo center because it's attached to a chiro center because it's attached to to two of the same exact molecules.

01:05 So since it's attached to two of the same molecules, it does not qualify as the chiro center.

01:10 Now the next molecule we're going to look at, this new next carbon we're going to look at is this carbon.

01:15 And this carbon is bound to a ch3 over here, a ch3 over here, and the ch3 over here.

01:23 So in this carbon, it definitely cannot be the trial center because it's obviously bound to three of the same exact molecules.

01:32 So it not qualify.

01:34 Now let's look at so there are tons of methyl groups in this molecule right and we know that metal has a carbon so let's see let's just make sure that the metal group does not qualify as a chiro center.

01:46 So i'm going to i'm going to draw one metal group a little bit larger so that we can evaluate it.

01:54 So this is a metal group and it's full form right so let's see if it could be possibly the chiro center.

02:01 So this going to be the carbon.

02:03 Now it's attached to a hydrogen over here, a hydrogen over here, and a hydrogen over here.

02:08 All of these, as you guys probably assumed, are all of these are the same exact molecule, so this definitely cannot be the chiro center.

02:16 So now we are going to be left with one more possible chiro center, and it's this guy right here.

02:23 So now this carbon is attached to a hydrogen over here, a capto -functional group, which is an sh over here, and then this, um, over here and this carbon over here.

02:34 Now right off the bat we can assume that since it's bound to four different types of molecules right? mercantor or sh is very different than hydrogen and then it's attached to this carbon here and this carbon here and this carbon here and this carbon is attached to three ch3 groups one over here another over here well this one is only attached to two ch2 groups then we can assume that since these two carbons are so different from each that this is going to be the chirocenture because it's bound to four different molecules.

03:06 So let me just write that it's the chirocentre so we know what the star represents.

03:13 So now let's move on to the second part of the question...

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