Match Column-I with Column-ll and select the correct option...

Match Column-I with Column-ll and select the correct option from the codes given below. Column-I Artificial system A. Artifification B. Natural system classification C. Phylogenetic system of classification (a) $A$-(ii), B-(i), C-(iii) (c) A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(i) Column-I (i) Bentham and Hooker (ii) Linnaeus (iii) Englar and Prantl (b) $\mathrm{A}-(\mathrm{i}), \mathrm{B}-(\mathrm{ii}), \mathrm{C}-(\mathrm{iii})$ (d) $\mathrm{A}-(\mathrm{iii}), \mathrm{B}-(\mathrm{i}), \mathrm{C}-(\mathrm{ii})$

Match Column-I with Column-ll and select the correct option from the codes given below.
Column-I Artificial system
A. Artifification
B. Natural system classification
C. Phylogenetic system of classification
(a) $A$-(ii), B-(i), C-(iii)
(c) A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(i)
Column-I
(i) Bentham and Hooker
(ii) Linnaeus
(iii) Englar and Prantl
(b) $\mathrm{A}-(\mathrm{i}), \mathrm{B}-(\mathrm{ii}), \mathrm{C}-(\mathrm{iii})$
(d) $\mathrm{A}-(\mathrm{iii}), \mathrm{B}-(\mathrm{i}), \mathrm{C}-(\mathrm{ii})$

Key Concepts

Phyletic System Classification

Phyletic system classification is a method that organizes organisms based on their evolutionary history and relationships. It seeks to construct a classification that represents the phylogeny or line of descent, emphasizing genetic and ancestral connections among groups. The system developed by Engler and Prantl is an example of a phyletic approach, taking into account how species have diverged over time through evolutionary processes.

Artificial System Classification

Artificial system classification is a method of organizing living organisms based on selected, often superficial, characteristics rather than on inherent natural relationships. This approach emphasizes human-chosen criteria and does not necessarily reflect the evolutionary or genetic relatedness of organisms. An example of an artificial classification is the system developed by Linnaeus, which, while useful for identification and organization, does not consider evolutionary descent.

Natural System Classification

Natural system classification arranges organisms in groups that reflect overall similarities and presumed natural affinities among them. This method aims to mirror the cumulative natural relationships that exist among species, often based on a holistic assessment of many morphological and biological traits. Bentham and Hooker are known for developing a system of natural classification which tried to capture these inherent similarities in organism groups.

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