Name the following alkynes, and predict the products of...

Name the following alkynes, and predict the products of their reaction with
(1) $\mathrm{H}_{2}$ in the presence of a Lindlar catalyst and (2) $\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}$ in the presence of $\mathrm{HgSO}_{4}:$
a.(FIGURE CAN'T COPY)
b.(FIGURE CAN'T COPY)

Key Concepts

Partial Hydrogenation of Alkynes with Lindlar Catalyst

Using H? in the presence of a Lindlar catalyst is a method to selectively reduce an alkyne to a cis-alkene without further reduction to an alkane. The Lindlar catalyst, which is a palladium catalyst deactivated with lead salts and sometimes quinoline, moderates the reactivity so that only one equivalent of hydrogen is added across the triple bond, yielding a Z- (cis-) alkene due to the syn addition mechanism.

Acid-Catalyzed Hydration of Alkynes using Mercuric Ion Catalysis

The hydration of alkynes in the presence of H?O? and HgSO? involves the addition of a water molecule across the triple bond, typically following Markovnikov's rule. This reaction proceeds via formation of a mercurinium ion intermediate, leading to an enol which subsequently tautomerizes to a ketone (or aldehyde, depending on the substituents). This method, often referred to as oxymercuration, avoids carbocation rearrangements that can occur in the direct acid-catalyzed hydration of unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Alkyne Nomenclature

This concept covers the systematic naming of compounds containing a triple bond between two carbon atoms. In IUPAC nomenclature, the longest carbon chain that contains the triple bond is identified, and the compound is numbered so that the triple bond gets the lowest possible locant. Substituents attached to the main chain are named and their positions indicated, following similar rules as for alkanes and alkenes, with special attention given to the position and identity of the triple bond.

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