Name the following substances, including the cis-or trans-prefix: (FIGURE CAN'T COPY)

Name: Problem 4, Chapter 4: Organic Chemistry
Uploaded: 2020-05-02T17:32:04-08:00
Duration: 5 min 1 s
Channel: Bobby Barnes
Description: Name the following substances, including the cis-or trans-prefix: (FIGURE CAN'T COPY)

Name the following substances, including the cis-or...

Key Concepts

IUPAC Nomenclature for Stereoisomers

This set of systematic naming rules includes the designation of cis and trans prefixes to indicate the relative positioning of substituents in a molecule. It provides a clear and standardized way to describe the three-dimensional structure of compounds, ensuring that details such as geometric isomerism are accurately conveyed.

Geometric Isomerism

This concept refers to the different spatial arrangements of substituents in molecules that have restricted rotation, such as in double bonds or cyclic compounds. It distinguishes isomers where groups can be on the same side (cis) or opposite sides (trans) of a reference plane, leading to different physical and sometimes chemical properties.

Transcript

00:01 They want us to name the following compounds, including the cis or trans prefix.

00:06 So now remember, cis is supposed to be for the same side.

00:16 Trans is supposed to be for the opposite side.

00:23 So we'll just keep these in mind while we're working these.

00:29 Now for a, well, the only two.

00:34 Two parent chains we could possibly have as this methyl or the actual group.

00:39 Well, that's not going to, or the ring here.

00:44 So the ring is going to have two different substituents, the chlorine and the methyl.

00:49 So because of that, the ring is going to want out because the methyl would only have the ring as a substitute.

00:56 Now we need to decide, well, are we going to start with chloro, or are we going to go with methyl? and, well, halides and alkyls are going to have the same priority, and because of that, we would just use alphabetical order, decide what has higher priority.

01:22 We'll see because before m, so that means we're going to start our numbering from over here.

01:28 And then we need to decide which way we're going to number clockwise or counterclockwise, but you might notice that no matter which way we number we're going to have, same number because if we go the other way we'd have two three four so same so that means at position one we have a chloro at position four we have a methyl and then we have a six -membered ring so it's going to be cyclo and six is supposed to be a hexagon so that's going to be hexane and then we would want to put these in alphabetical order for the substituents so so, chloral becomes, comes before methyl in the dictionary, and then we would just need to put a little dash here.

02:19 Now we need to decide on are our highest priority groups going to be cis or trans, or two groups here.

02:30 Well, remember, this wedge means it's facing towards us.

02:35 This dash line means it's facing away.

02:37 So these are going to be on opposite sides of each other...

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