Name the following substances, including the cis-or trans-prefix (red-brown = Br): (FIGURE CAN'T

Name the following substances, including the cis-or...

Key Concepts

Coordination Chemistry

Coordination chemistry is the study of compounds featuring a central metal atom or ion bonded to surrounding molecules or ions called ligands. This subject is crucial for understanding the structure, reactivity, and properties of many inorganic complexes, as well as the principles behind their systematic naming.

IUPAC Nomenclature for Coordination Compounds

IUPAC nomenclature provides a set of systematic rules to name coordination compounds, ensuring every component in a complex, including the metal center and its attached ligands, is accurately and consistently identified. This includes specifying the oxidation state of the metal, the nature and number of ligands, and their specific arrangement around the central atom.

Geometric Isomerism

Geometric isomerism, particularly in coordination compounds, involves differences in the spatial arrangement of ligands around the central metal ion. The descriptors 'cis-' and 'trans-' are used to indicate isomers that have ligands arranged adjacent to one another or across from each other, respectively, which can dramatically influence the compound’s physical and chemical properties.

Ligand Characteristics

Ligands, the molecules or ions bound to the central metal in a coordination compound, greatly influence both the geometry and nomenclature of the compound. Their identity, bonding mode, and any distinguishing properties (such as color) must be taken into account when naming substances, especially when different ligands or isomeric forms are present.

Transcript

00:01 We want to name the following substance, including cister trans prefixes.

00:05 So let's first just go ahead and draw the straight, or the bond line for these.

00:11 So for, i should probably say, a and b here.

00:16 So we would start like this.

00:18 So remember, we really only care about the carbons.

00:28 So the carbons are in the black and the hydrogens are in green.

00:30 So let's go ahead and move these down.

00:33 So it'll look like this for the straight chain of it.

00:38 Oh, i'm sorry, this should be down here like that.

00:42 Now, actually, maybe one thing we should do before we start naming it is figure out if this is going to be sister trans.

00:49 So notice that these right here, let me do this at red, or i'll keep it in green.

00:56 So these two groups right here are what we're going to decide are sister trans.

01:00 So if we were to maybe be standing above this, kind of looking down at it like this, we would want to ask ourselves, would this be on the same side of the molecule or opposite sides? well, for this first position, notice that this carbon or this hydrogen would be facing towards us.

01:23 So let's just go ahead and put that down.

01:25 So this hydrogen is facing towards us.

01:26 So that means this methyl right here is going to be facing away.

01:31 So actually, let me draw this a little bit shorter.

01:35 And same thing with this one.

01:38 So we would have a hydrogen facing towards us and that methyl facing away.

01:45 And then for this other group, well, this hydrogen is going to be facing towards us as well.

01:50 And the methyl is going to be facing away.

01:53 So this is going to be cis something.

01:57 So we know this is going to be cis.

02:01 And now let's go ahead and name this.

02:06 So we have two methyl groups.