Question

Nitrogen gas is confined in a cylinder with a movable piston under a constant pressure of $9.95 \times 10^{4}$ Pa. When $695 \mathrm{J}$ of energy in the form of heat is transferred from the gas to the surroundings, its volume decreases by 1.88 L. What is the change in internal energy of the gas?

Name: Problem 32, Chapter 5: Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity
Uploaded: 2020-08-05T01:24:03-08:00
Duration: 2 min 6 s
Channel: Bin Chen
Description: Nitrogen gas is confined in a cylinder with a movable piston under a constant pressure of 9.95 ×10^4 Pa. When 695 J of energy in the form of heat is transferred from the gas to the surroundings, its volume decreases by 1.88 L. What is the change in internal energy of the gas?

   Nitrogen gas is confined in a cylinder with a movable piston under a constant pressure of $9.95 \times 10^{4}$ Pa. When $695 \mathrm{J}$ of energy in the form of heat is transferred from the gas to the surroundings, its volume decreases by 1.88 L. What is the change in internal energy of the gas?

Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity

John C. Kotz, Paul… 10th Edition

Chapter 5, Problem 32

Instant Answer

Solved by Expert Bin Chen

08/05/2020

Step 1

We know that 1 Pascal is equal to $1 \times 10^{-5}$ bar. So, the pressure in bars is: \[ P = 9.95 \times 10^{4} \times 1 \times 10^{-5} = 0.995 \, \text{bar} \] Show more…

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Nitrogen gas is confined in a cylinder with a movable piston under a constant pressure of $9.95 \times 10^{4}$ Pa. When $695 \mathrm{J}$ of energy in the form of heat is transferred from the gas to the surroundings, its volume decreases by 1.88 L. What is the change in internal energy of the gas?

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Key Concepts

Thermodynamic Sign Conventions

Correct application of thermodynamic sign conventions is essential, where heat added to the system is positive and heat removed is negative. Similarly, work done by the system (during expansion) is considered positive, and work done on the system (during compression) is taken as negative under the convention where the internal energy change is given by the net heat minus work done by the system.

Work at Constant Pressure

In processes occurring at constant pressure, the work done by the system is calculated as the product of pressure and change in volume. This relationship is particularly important when evaluating pistonwork during expansions or compressions.

First Law of Thermodynamics

This principle states that the change in a system's internal energy is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system. It is a statement of energy conservation and serves as the basis for analyzing any process in thermodynamics.

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