Select the correct statement. (a) Most Bt-toxins are insect...

Select the correct statement.
(a) Most Bt-toxins are insect group non-specific.
(b) Bt-toxin gene is coded with the name 'CRY'.
(c) Genes cryIAc and cryIIAb form protein that control cotton bollworms.
(d) cryIAb gene forms protein that control corn borer.

Key Concepts

Cry Genes

Cry genes are the genes within Bacillus thuringiensis that code for the crystal (Cry) proteins responsible for its insecticidal activity. These genes follow a systematic nomenclature (e.g., cry1, cry2, etc.) to denote different protein families and specificities, which is important in both natural identification and the development of transgenic crops.

Insect Specificity of Bt Toxins

One of the key characteristics of Bt toxins, mediated by the specificity of Cry proteins, is that they target a narrow range of insect species. This specificity minimizes the impact on non-target organisms, making them a preferred choice for pest control in agriculture.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Toxins

Bt toxins are produced by the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis and are used as biological insecticides because they are toxic to specific groups of insects. Their mode of action typically involves binding to receptors in the insect gut, leading to pore formation and ultimately cell lysis, making them valuable for integrated pest management.

Application of Specific Cry Genes in Pest Control

Different Cry proteins, enabled by the diverse cry genes, are effective against specific insect pests. For example, certain cry gene variants are chosen to target pests like cotton bollworms or corn borers, highlighting the importance of matching the right gene product to the intended pest control application in crop protection.

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