Question

State the Third Law of Thermodynamics. What does it mean?

   State the Third Law of Thermodynamics. What does it mean?

Chemistry

Kenneth W. Whitten,… 10th Edition

Chapter 15, Problem 84

Instant Answer

Solved by Expert Nicole Smina

11/07/2021

Step 1

This can be written as: \[ S(T=0) = 0 \] where \( S \) is the entropy and \( T \) is the temperature. Show more…

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State the Third Law of Thermodynamics. What does it mean?

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Key Concepts

Third Law of Thermodynamics

The Third Law states that as a system approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a perfect crystalline substance approaches zero. This implies that at absolute zero, a perfectly ordered structure would have minimal or no disorder, serving as a reference point for the determination of absolute entropies.

Absolute Zero

Absolute zero is the theoretical lower limit of temperature, where a system would have minimal thermal energy and its particles would be in their lowest possible energy state. The Third Law indicates that reaching absolute zero is impossible through any finite process, emphasizing its role as a limiting condition in thermodynamics.

Entropy

Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system. In the context of the Third Law, it quantifies the degree of molecular disorder, and the law establishes that this disorder reaches a minimum value—typically zero for a perfectly ordered crystal—as temperature approaches absolute zero.

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