Suppose that in a lightning flash the potential difference...

Suppose that in a lightning flash the potential difference between a cloud and the ground is $1.0 \times 10^{9} \mathrm{V}$ and the quantity of charge transferred is 30 $\mathrm{C}$ (a) What is the change in energy of that transferred charge? (b) If all the energy released could be used to accelerate a 1000 $\mathrm{kg}$ car from rest, what would be its final speed?

Suppose that in a lightning flash the potential difference between a cloud and the ground is $1.0 \times 10^{9} \mathrm{V}$ and the quantity of
charge transferred is 30 $\mathrm{C}$ (a) What is the change in energy of that
transferred charge? (b) If all the energy released could be used to
accelerate a 1000 $\mathrm{kg}$ car from rest, what would be its final speed?

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Key Concepts

Electric Potential Difference

This concept refers to the difference in electric potential between two points, which quantifies how much work is needed per unit charge to move a charge between those points. It is this potential difference (voltage) that drives the movement of charge and allows energy to be transferred in an electrical system.

Electric Potential Energy

Electric potential energy is the energy possessed by a charge due to its position within an electric field. It is calculated by multiplying the charge by the potential difference. This concept is essential in understanding how changes in energy occur when a charge moves in an electric field.

Work-Energy Principle in Mechanics

The work-energy principle states that the work done on an object is equal to its change in kinetic energy. When energy from an electrical system is transferred to a mechanical system, such as accelerating a mass, this principle is used to convert the electrical energy into kinetic energy, allowing the calculation of the resulting speed.

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