The acid ionization constant of Zn^2+ is 2.0 ×10^-10 . What is the pH of 0.001 M solution of ZnC

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The acid ionization constant of Zn^2+ is 2.0 ×10^-10 . What...

The acid ionization constant of $\mathrm{Zn}^{2+}$ is $2.0 \times 10^{-10} .$ What is the $\mathrm{pH}$ of $0.001 \mathrm{M}$
solution of $\mathrm{ZnCl}_{2} ?(\log 2=0.3)$
(a) $9.7$
(b) $4.85$
(c) $6.35$
(d) $3.35$

Key Concepts

Logarithms in Chemistry

Logarithms are an essential mathematical tool in chemistry, particularly in the context of pH calculations and equilibrium expressions. They allow for the simplification of calculations involving very small or very large numbers, and they convert multiplicative relationships into additive ones, which facilitates easier interpretation and handling of reaction equilibria and concentration scales.

pH Calculation

pH is a scale used to measure the acidity or basicity of a solution, defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. This logarithmic scale compresses a wide range of hydrogen ion concentrations into a manageable scale, making it easier to compare the acidity levels of different solutions.

Equilibrium Calculations in Acid?Base Reactions

In acid-base chemistry, equilibrium calculations involve writing an expression that relates the concentrations of reactants and products at equilibrium. By applying the equilibrium constant (such as Ka) to the system, and often making simplifying assumptions (for example, that the change in concentration is small compared to the initial concentration), one can solve for unknown quantities such as the concentration of hydrogen ions.

Acid Ionization Constant (Ka)

The acid ionization constant is a numerical measure that indicates how readily an acid donates a proton in solution. It is defined by the equilibrium concentration of the ions produced when an acid dissociates in water. Smaller values of Ka signify weaker acids, which release fewer protons, whereas larger values indicate stronger acids with a greater degree of ionization.

Metal Ion Hydrolysis

Certain metal cations, when dissolved in water, can react with water molecules through hydrolysis. During this process, water acts as a ligand that coordinates with the metal ion, leading to the release of a proton. This reaction produces a hydrolyzed metal species and hydrogen ions, thereby altering the pH and chemical behavior of the solution.

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