The churn in the United States The Bureau of Labor...

The churn in the United States The Bureau of Labor Statistics in the United States presents a forecast of occupations with the largest job decline and the largest job growth. Examine the tables at <www.bls.gov/emp/emptab4.htm> (for the largest job decline) and <www.bls.gov/emp/emptab3.htm> (for the largest job growth). a. Which occupations in decline can be linked to technological change? Which can be linked to foreign competition? b. Which occupations that are forecast to grow can be linked to technological change? Which can be linked to demographic change - in particular, the ageing of the US population? c. Compare the educational requirements (the last column of the tables) for the occupations in decline and on the rise. Can you see evidence of the effects of technological change? d. Another development in the US labour market is the increased use of temporary workers. How does this phenomenon fit with the educational requirements of occupations in decline and on the rise?

The churn in the United States
The Bureau of Labor Statistics in the United States presents a forecast of occupations with the largest job decline and the largest job growth. Examine the tables at <www.bls.gov/emp/emptab4.htm> (for the largest job decline) and <www.bls.gov/emp/emptab3.htm> (for the largest job growth).
a. Which occupations in decline can be linked to technological change? Which can be linked to foreign competition?
b. Which occupations that are forecast to grow can be linked to technological change? Which can be linked to demographic change - in particular, the ageing of the US population?
c. Compare the educational requirements (the last column of the tables) for the occupations in decline and on the rise. Can you see evidence of the effects of technological change?
d. Another development in the US labour market is the increased use of temporary workers. How does this phenomenon fit with the educational requirements of occupations in decline and on the rise?

Key Concepts

Technological Change

This refers to the ways in which advancements in technology, such as automation, artificial intelligence, and digitalization, can alter the structure of employment by replacing or transforming certain occupations while creating new ones. It is a key concept in understanding shifts within labor markets as industries evolve and adapt to emerging technologies.

Foreign Competition

Foreign competition involves the challenges that domestic industries face from overseas companies, which can lead to job losses when industries import goods or services that were once produced locally. This dynamic is critical in understanding how globalization impacts labor markets, influencing which occupations decline due to competitive pressures.

Demographic Change

Demographic change includes alterations in the population structure, such as aging, migration, and shifting birth rates, which can significantly affect labor market demands. For instance, an aging population often increases the demand for healthcare and related services, shaping job growth in those sectors.

Educational Requirements

Educational requirements refer to the level and type of education or training needed for occupations. As labor markets evolve, changes in job skill demands become evident through educational prerequisites, highlighting the importance of skills development and its alignment with technological and economic trends.

Temporary Workers

Temporary workers are employed for a limited duration and play a growing role in modern labor markets. Their increased use reflects shifts in employment practices, where flexibility is valued and might correlate with changes in occupational requirements and job security, influenced by both technological advancements and changing labor market strategies.

Occupational Forecasts

Occupational forecasts involve predicting future trends in job growth and decline across various sectors, often based on economic, technological, and demographic analyses. These forecasts help in identifying which sectors and occupations are likely to be most affected by technological change, foreign competition, and demographic shifts, serving as a guide for policy and workforce planning.

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