The cross-sectional dimensions of the copper strip shown are 2.0 cm by 2.0 mm. The strip carries

step 1 To find the Hall potential, we can use a formula. V is equal to I -B -L divided by N -E -A. Now,

The cross-sectional dimensions of the copper strip shown are...

The cross-sectional dimensions of the copper strip shown are $2.0 \mathrm{cm}$ by $2.0 \mathrm{mm}$. The strip carries a current of $100 \mathrm{A},$ and it is placed in a magnetic field of magnitude $B=$ 1.5 T. What are the value and polarity of the Hall potential in the copper strip?

Key Concepts

Hall Voltage

The Hall voltage is the voltage that develops across the conductor due to the deflection of charge carriers when a magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the current. Its magnitude depends on factors like the current density, the magnetic field strength, and the properties of the charge carriers, and its polarity reveals the sign of the charge carriers.

Drift Velocity

Drift velocity refers to the average velocity at which charge carriers, such as electrons, move through a conductor under the influence of an electric field. The drift velocity, combined with the applied magnetic field, determines the force on the carriers, leading to their deflection and the creation of a Hall potential.

Current Density

Current density is defined as the current per unit cross-sectional area of a conductor. It describes how densely the current is distributed in the conductor, influencing the number of charge carriers that experience the Lorentz force and hence affecting the magnitude of the Hall voltage.

Lorentz Force

The Lorentz force is the force exerted on a charged particle moving in a magnetic field, given by the cross product of the particle's velocity and the magnetic field. In conductors, this force deflects charge carriers towards one side, leading to charge separation, which is the underlying mechanism behind the Hall effect.

Hall Effect

The Hall effect is a phenomenon observed when a current-carrying conductor or semiconductor is placed in a transverse magnetic field, resulting in the generation of a measurable potential difference (Hall voltage) orthogonal to both the current direction and the magnetic field. This effect is used to determine the type, density, and mobility of charge carriers in a material.

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