The energy released when an electron is added to the valence...

The energy released when an electron is added to the valence shell of a neutral, gaseous, isolated atom is called
(a) electronegativity
(b) ionization potential
(c) electron affinity
(d) lattice energy

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Key Concepts

Electron Affinity

Electron affinity refers to the energy change that occurs when an electron is added to a neutral atom in the gaseous state. It is a measure of the tendency of an atom to accept an electron, and a higher electron affinity means that the atom more readily gains an electron, releasing energy in the process.

Electronegativity

Electronegativity is a chemical property that indicates the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself when forming a chemical bond. It is a relative measure used to compare how strongly different atoms attract electrons in molecules.

Ionization Energy

Ionization energy, also known as ionization potential, is the energy required to remove an electron from an isolated, gaseous atom or ion. It is an important measure of how strongly an electron is held by an atom, and generally, higher ionization energy implies a stronger binding of electrons.

Lattice Energy

Lattice energy is the energy released when oppositely charged ions in the gas phase come together to form a solid ionic lattice. It represents the strength of the electrostatic forces within an ionic compound and is a key factor in determining the stability and properties of the solid state structure.

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