00:03
Okay, so the question is asking us how do we get from two genes to four proteins each? so first we have to understand what is a gene and how it gets to a protein.
00:26
So first off, we'll start with dna.
00:29
So dna is a bunch of base pairs, but only a short sequence of those pairs would be considered a gene.
00:35
That gene is copied in a process called transcription.
00:40
The transcript or copy is called mrna.
00:46
That mrna becomes processed into a shorter version to eventually be copied over to a protein through a process called translation.
01:13
So we need to understand these two steps, how we shorten mrna, we process it, and then how we also process proteins on their way to the final protein product.
01:25
So first off, you need to consider, okay, well, we have this mrna, it is a series of introns and exons.
01:39
Introns stay in the nucleus.
01:42
Exons leave the nucleus and are eventually translated to become protein.
01:49
So imagine we have a set of three exons.
01:52
Those are the things that can actually become translated.
01:57
So we're going to create a shorter mrna transcript...