The modulation index of a FM signal is 0.25. If modulating...

The modulation index of a FM signal is $0.25$. If modulating frequency is $2 \mathrm{kHz}$, the maximum deviation in frequency would be
(a) $500 \mathrm{~Hz}$
(b) $1000 \mathrm{~Hz}$
(c) $1500 \mathrm{~Hz}$
(d) $500 \mathrm{kHz}$

Key Concepts

Modulating Frequency

The modulating frequency is the frequency of the input signal that is used to vary the instantaneous frequency of the carrier in a frequency modulation system. It represents the rate at which the information signal oscillates, and it plays a key role in determining the characteristics of the modulated signal, including the modulation index and the resultant frequency deviation.

Frequency Deviation

Frequency deviation is the maximum departure of the instantaneous frequency of the modulated signal from the carrier frequency, which is determined by the amplitude of the modulating signal. This parameter is crucial in frequency modulation as it directly influences the signal's bandwidth and the overall quality of the transmitted message, making it an essential aspect of FM system design.

Frequency Modulation (FM)

Frequency modulation is a method of encoding information in a carrier wave by varying its instantaneous frequency. It is widely used in communications, such as radio broadcasting, where the information signal modifies the frequency of the carrier signal in accordance with the amplitude of the input signal. This technique provides improved noise immunity compared to amplitude modulation because the information is encoded in the frequency rather than the amplitude.

Modulation Index

The modulation index in frequency modulation is defined as the ratio of the frequency deviation to the modulating frequency. It characterizes the extent of the deviation of the carrier frequency from its unmodulated value due to the modulation process. A lower modulation index indicates smaller deviation, while a higher index means larger deviation, which directly affects the bandwidth of the FM signal according to Carson's Rule.

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