The oxides of nitrogen are biologically reactive substances...

The oxides of nitrogen are biologically reactive substances now known to be formed endogenously in the human lung: $\mathrm{NO}$ is a powerful agent for dilating blood vessels; $\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ is the anesthetic known as laughing gas; $\mathrm{NO}_{2}$ has an acrid odor and is corrosive to lung tissue. Balance the following reactions for the formation of nitrogen oxides: a. $\mathrm{N}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow \mathrm{NO}(g)$. b. $\mathrm{NO}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow \mathrm{NO}_{2}(g)$. c. $\mathrm{NO}(g)+\mathrm{NO}_{3}(g) \rightarrow \mathrm{NO}_{2}(g)$. d. $\mathrm{N}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g)$.

The oxides of nitrogen are biologically reactive substances now known to be formed endogenously in the human lung: $\mathrm{NO}$ is a powerful agent for dilating blood vessels; $\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ is the anesthetic known as laughing gas; $\mathrm{NO}_{2}$ has an acrid odor and is corrosive to lung tissue. Balance the following reactions for the formation of nitrogen oxides:
a. $\mathrm{N}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow \mathrm{NO}(g)$.
b. $\mathrm{NO}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow \mathrm{NO}_{2}(g)$.
c. $\mathrm{NO}(g)+\mathrm{NO}_{3}(g) \rightarrow \mathrm{NO}_{2}(g)$.
d. $\mathrm{N}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g)$.

Key Concepts

Chemical Nomenclature and Formulas

Chemical nomenclature provides a systematic way to name chemical compounds and write their molecular formulas. Understanding the formulas, such as those for various nitrogen oxides, is crucial when setting up and balancing equations, as it ensures that the correct species and their corresponding numbers of atoms are represented in the reaction.

Balancing Chemical Equations

Balancing chemical equations is the process of adjusting the coefficients of reactants and products so that the number of atoms for each element is equal on both sides of the reaction. This process relies on the principles of stoichiometry and the conservation of mass, ensuring that the equation accurately represents how substances react and are formed.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry involves calculating the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction based on their relative amounts, usually expressed as moles. It is the fundamental principle used to determine the coefficients that balance the chemical equations, ensuring the correct proportions of atoms are present in both the reactants and products.

Conservation of Mass

The Law of Conservation of Mass states that in any chemical reaction, mass is neither created nor destroyed. This principle implies that the total number of atoms of each element must be the same on both sides of a balanced equation. It is essential for ensuring that every atom accounted for in the reactants is present in the products.

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