Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is an effective grease remover. Like many cleaners, TSP acts as a base

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is an effective grease remover....

Key Concepts

Salt Hydrolysis

Salt hydrolysis is the process by which a salt reacts with water to produce an acidic or basic solution. When a salt derived from a weak acid, such as phosphate, dissolves, its anion can accept a proton from water. This reaction converts it into its conjugate acid and releases hydroxide ions into the solution, thereby imparting basic properties.

Net Ionic Equation in Acid-Base Reactions

A net ionic equation focuses solely on the chemically active species and omits the spectator ions. In the case of a basic salt like trisodium phosphate, the key reaction is the hydrolysis of the phosphate anion in water. The simplified net ionic equation, PO4^3– + H2O ? HPO4^2– + OH–, illustrates how the salt’s anion reacts with water to generate hydroxide ions responsible for the basicity.

Transcript

00:01 Okay, so tsb or trisodium sulfate is a molecule that has the formula an a3 -p -o -4 trisodium phosphate.

00:23 So in this question we're asked to show how this molecule here is a base.

00:32 Well, if you know your ions, you know that this is 3 minus and this is 1 plus.

00:40 So if we want to look at this molecule in a more descriptive way, let's try out a loose structure for it.

00:50 So any 3po -4 tsp would have the lewis structure p .o.

01:06 So here we go.

01:08 This is our phosphate, right? so we have our p, which has bi -balance electrons, and here we have one, two, three, four, five.

01:17 So this is fine.

01:19 And then we have our oxygen atoms surrounding it.

01:23 And we have one that's just like this.

01:33 24, six, eight.

01:37 So this has its complete octet fold, and it has its sixth valence electrons.

01:47 So this is neutral.

01:50 These three oxygens also have their octet fold, but they have.

01:58 To four, six, seven.

02:01 So these all have a charge of negative one.

02:07 So that is why we have our charge of three minus.

02:09 And then, well, these nas are just can ions to counteract these negative charges.

02:17 So we have an n .a.

02:19 Plus at each of these oxygens.

02:25 So now why does this act as a base? well, bases except protons, right? that's what bases do.

02:34 Well, since we have these three sites of negative charge, these oxygens can accept protons, right? because if they accept a proton, they'll become positive.

02:47 Well, what's the easiest thing you can think of that gives protein? it gives protons is good old water, right? so if we have a water molecule here, and we have our phosphate, our sodium, tsp here.

03:07 Well, the two electrons here can come over here and take this hydrogen...

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