Two brothers were under medical treatment for infertility. Microscopic examination of their seme

step 1 All right, so let's go ahead and get started. Let me see if it's recording. It is recording, so

Two brothers were under medical treatment for infertility....

Key Concepts

Microtubules

Microtubules are tubular structures made up of tubulin proteins that are a key component of the cell's cytoskeleton. They are crucial for maintaining cell shape, enabling intracellular transport, and facilitating the movement of cellular structures, including the rhythmic beating of cilia and the propulsion provided by flagella in sperm.

Cilia and Flagella

Cilia and flagella are hair-like projections from the cell surface that depend on the proper arrangement and function of microtubules to generate movement. Their coordinated beating is essential for a variety of physiological processes such as clearing mucus in the respiratory tract and propelling sperm to aid in fertilization.

Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia

Primary ciliary dyskinesia is a genetic condition characterized by structural abnormalities in cilia and flagella, often stemming from defects in the microtubules. This results in impaired motility, which can lead to chronic respiratory issues and infertility due to the inability to properly move fluids and cells.

Transcript

00:02 All right, so let's go ahead and get started.

00:08 Let me see if it's recording.

00:10 It is recording, so let's go ahead and get started.

00:18 All right, so can i have a student read the question for me what the question states? so if i can have danielle, if you can read the question for us.

00:33 Yes, teacher.

00:34 So two brothers were under medical treatment for infertility.

00:42 Microscopic examination of their semen shows that although the sperm looked normal, they did not move properly.

00:51 The brothers also suffered with chronic bronchitis.

00:56 The doctors studying the cases decided that both men had a problem with one particular cell organelle, which one? thank you, danielle.

01:06 Thank you for reading the question and go ahead and wait the answer choices as well.

01:11 Is it a, did they have problem with endoplasmic reticulum? b, gold tree apparatus, i mean, our gold tree body, c, ribosomes, d, microtubules, r.

01:25 E, mitochondria.

01:27 Which organelle did they have problem with? so, class, let's break down the question.

01:37 Let's understand what the question is asking.

01:40 The question is asking which organelle did they have problem with? so what is their problem? what is their problem? they're going under medical treatment for infertility.

01:55 So both brothers are going under medical treatment for infertility.

01:59 Infertility is where they have difficulty fertilizing the egg and having a baby.

02:05 So remember an egg when it gets fertilized, it forms a zygote.

02:11 The sperm has to fertilize the egg in order for zygote to form.

02:17 So when the sperm cannot reach the egg, when the sperm cannot move to the egg, it cannot move to the egg, it cannot fertilize the egg.

02:26 So there is no baby being formed.

02:29 There's no reproduction happening because the sperm cannot move towards the egg, cannot move to fertilize the egg.

02:37 So the problem is that the sperm looks normal.

02:41 So the sperm looks normal, but it cannot move properly.

02:46 This is our keyword here.

02:49 It cannot move properly.

02:51 So let's underline it did not, it does not move properly.

02:55 So let's underline that.

02:57 It did not move properly.

03:00 So it has trouble with moving.

03:02 So it does not move properly.

03:05 Although it looks fine, it doesn't move properly.

03:09 The second part of the question says that the brothers also suffered with chronic bronchitis.

03:17 So whichever organelle that is affecting the movement of the sperm is also affecting their, chronic bronchitis is also causing them to have chronic bronchitis is also causing them to have chronic bronchitis having chronic bronchitis is where they have lung problem where they're not able to breathe properly you don't have to know that you don't have to know what chronic bronchitis is we haven't talked about it we haven't learned it yet you don't have to know what chronic bronchitis is but it has to do something with the movement of something.

03:59 It necessarily doesn't have to do them with the movement of the sperm, but it has to do with something related to an organelle that causes the sperm not to move properly.

04:11 So let's go ahead and go through the answer choices and let's see what these organelles do.

04:18 We have a diagram here that's showing us the organelle, the cell and different organelles.

04:25 What does the er do? the er has two things, right? it has the rough er.

04:34 There's the rough er.

04:37 Rer for rough er.

04:41 The rough er makes the protein, right? it has ribosomes embedded on it, right? it has ribosomes on it.

04:51 So it actually makes protein.

04:53 It's a protein machinery, is protein synthesis machinery, rough er.

05:00 The smooth er, s for smooth and er for endoplasmic ritulum, the smooth er has to do with lipid synthesis and detoxification.

05:14 So it deals with detoxification and lipid detoxification.

05:19 So the smooth er does lipid detoxification and the rr does lipid detoxification and the f .r.

05:25 Does protein synthesis? does that have to do with movement? it doesn't have to do with movement.

05:31 So we're going to cross that one out.

05:34 We can safely cross that one out since endoplasmic reticulum has to either do with protein synthesis or it has to do with lipid synthesis.

05:45 So we're going to safely cross that one out.

05:48 So i'm going to cross it out.

05:49 It's not a it's not endoplasmic reticulum.

05:54 Is it golgi body? is it golgi body? what does golgi body do? what is the function of golgi body in the cell? well, golgi body packages the proteins that are made by the rough er.

06:10 So whatever is made by the rough er, the golgi body packages it.

06:15 It packages it.

06:17 So the function of golgi body is to package.

06:20 Does that have to do with the same? sperm movement, does that have to do with movement? it doesn't have anything to do with movement.

06:28 So we can safely cross a gulgy body or gorgi apparatus.

06:36 Ribosomes.

06:37 What do ribosomes do? what is the function of ribosomes in the cell? we find ribosomes in the cytosol.

06:44 We also find ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum on the rough endoplasmic reticulum on the rough er.

06:52 So ribosomes, the function.

06:53 The function of ribosome is to make proteins and proteins making protein has nothing to do with movement...

Please give Ace some feedback