Ultraviolet light of wavelength 220 nm illuminates a tungsten surface and electrons are ejected

step 1 In this exercise, we have a tungsten metal plate, and this metal plate is illuminated by a light

Ultraviolet light of wavelength 220 nm illuminates a...

Ultraviolet light of wavelength $220 \mathrm{~nm}$ illuminates a tungsten surface and electrons are ejected. A stopping potential of $1.1 \mathrm{~V}$ is able to just prevent any of the ejected electrons from reaching the opposite electrode. What is the work function for tungsten?

Key Concepts

Energy Conservation in the Photoelectric Effect

Energy conservation in the photoelectric effect is expressed by the equation where the energy of the incident photon is partitioned into overcoming the work function of the material and providing kinetic energy to the emitted electron. This fundamental principle underlies the quantitative analysis of the photoelectric effect, connecting the properties of light with the emission of electrons.

Stopping Potential

The stopping potential is the minimum voltage required to counteract the kinetic energy of photoelectrons, effectively stopping them from reaching the opposite electrode. It is used as an experimental measure of the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted electrons and is directly related to the difference between the photon energy and the work function.

Photon Energy

Photon energy is the energy carried by a photon, which is determined by its frequency or wavelength according to the relation E = hf, where h is Planck's constant. This energy must be greater than the work function of a material in order to eject an electron via the photoelectric effect.

Photoelectric Effect

The photoelectric effect is the process in which electrons are ejected from a material when it is exposed to electromagnetic radiation of sufficient energy. This phenomenon demonstrates that light has particle-like properties, and each photon must have enough energy to overcome the binding energy that holds electrons within the material.

Work Function

The work function is the minimum energy required to remove an electron from the surface of a material. In the context of the photoelectric effect, it represents the threshold energy that an incident photon must exceed for electrons to be emitted, with any excess energy being converted into the kinetic energy of the electron.

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