Uric acid, the principal constituent of some kidney stones,...

Uric acid, the principal constituent of some kidney stones, has the formula $\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{4} \mathrm{~N}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{3}$. In aqueous solution, the solubility of uric acid is only $0.067 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{L}$. Express this concentration in $(\mathrm{m} / \mathrm{v}) \%$, in parts per million, and in molarity.

Key Concepts

Mass/Volume Percent (m/v %)

Mass/volume percent is a concentration unit defined as the mass of solute in grams present in 100 mL of solution. It is commonly used to describe how much solute is dissolved relative to a specific volume of solution, providing an easily understandable measure for dilute and concentrated solutions alike.

Parts Per Million (ppm)

Parts per million (ppm) is a unit of concentration that expresses the number of parts of solute per one million parts of solution. This unit is particularly useful for very dilute solutions where the solute concentration is extremely low, and it often assumes that the density of the solution is similar to water.

Molarity

Molarity is a concentration unit defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It provides a direct measure of the quantity of substance present in a given volume and is widely used in chemical reactions and stoichiometric calculations.

Molecular Weight

Molecular weight is the mass of one mole of a substance, expressed in grams per mole. It is calculated by summing the atomic weights of all atoms in the molecular formula, and it is essential for converting between mass-based units and mole-based units such as molarity.

Solubility

Solubility is the maximum amount of a solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specified temperature and pressure, often expressed in units such as grams per liter (g/L). It is a key property in understanding solution concentration and the limits of saturation for different substances.

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