Use the graph to answer these questions. (a) Is the reaction...

Use the graph to answer these questions. (a) Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? (b) Determine the approximate value of $\Delta_{1} E$ for the forward reaction. (c) Calculate the approximate activation energy in each direction. (d) A catalyst is found that lowers the activation energy of the reaction by $10 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$. How will this catalyst affect the rate of the reverse reaction?

Use the graph to answer these questions.
(a) Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?
(b) Determine the approximate value of $\Delta_{1} E$ for the forward reaction.
(c) Calculate the approximate activation energy in each direction.
(d) A catalyst is found that lowers the activation energy of the reaction by $10 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$. How will this catalyst affect the rate of the reverse reaction?

Key Concepts

Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions

These terms describe whether a chemical reaction releases or absorbs energy. In an exothermic reaction, the products have lower energy than the reactants, meaning energy is released, often as heat. In contrast, an endothermic reaction requires energy input because the products are at a higher energy level than the reactants.

Activation Energy

This is the minimum amount of energy that reactant molecules need to overcome in order to be transformed into products. Graphically, it is represented as the energy difference between the reactants and the peak of the reaction curve (the transition state). It dictates how readily a reaction can proceed.

Reaction Energy Profile Diagram

An energy profile diagram visually represents the progress of a reaction, showing the energy levels of reactants, products, and the transition state. It includes key parameters such as the activation energy for both the forward and reverse reactions and the overall change in energy (?E) between the reactants and products.

Catalysis

A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy barrier for the reaction. It achieves this by providing an alternative reaction pathway and does not get consumed in the reaction. The overall energetics (such as the reaction enthalpy) remain unchanged with catalysis.

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