What are the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in...

What are the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following isotopes?
a. ${ }_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H}$
b. ${ }_{7}^{14} \mathrm{~N}$
c. ${ }_{14}^{26} \mathrm{Si}$
d. ${ }_{30}^{70} \mathrm{Zn}$

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Key Concepts

Atomic Number

The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus, and it uniquely identifies an element. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the atomic number, ensuring overall electrical neutrality.

Mass Number

The mass number is the total count of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus. It serves as an important reference when differentiating between isotopes of the same element, which have varying numbers of neutrons.

Isotopes

Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element that share the same number of protons but differ in their number of neutrons. This difference leads to variations in atomic mass while the chemical properties remain largely consistent.

Subatomic Particle Count Calculation

The calculation of subatomic particle counts involves using the atomic number to determine the number of protons (and electrons in a neutral atom) and subtracting the atomic number from the mass number to determine the number of neutrons. This method is fundamental in analyzing the structure of different isotopes.

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