Which of the following is not a contributor to genetic...

Which of the following is not a contributor to genetic variation?
(a) replication of sister chromatids
(b) crossing-over of homologous chromosomes
(c) random assortment of homologous chromosomes
(d) fertilization

Key Concepts

Fertilization

Fertilization is the biological process in which two gametes, typically one from each parent, merge to form a zygote. This fusion combines genetic materials from both parents, further enhancing genetic diversity in the offspring.

Genetic Variation

Genetic variation refers to the differences in the DNA sequences among individuals within a population. These differences are crucial for evolution and adaptation as they provide the material for natural selection, allowing populations to respond to changing environments and challenges.

Crossing-over

Crossing-over is a process that occurs during meiosis where homologous chromosomes exchange segments of genetic material. This recombination creates new allele combinations on the same chromosome, thereby significantly increasing genetic diversity among offspring.

Independent Assortment

Independent assortment is the random distribution of maternal and paternal chromosomes into gametes during meiosis. This random shuffling of chromosomes ensures that each gamete is genetically unique, contributing to the genetic variation in a population.

DNA Replication

DNA replication is the process by which a cell duplicates its DNA before cell division. While essential for the accurate transmission of genetic information, the replication of sister chromatids is designed to produce identical copies of DNA and therefore does not contribute to genetic variation under normal circumstances.

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