Which of the following parameters decrease across a normal...

Which of the following parameters decrease across a normal shock wave?
I. Mach number
II. Static pressure
III. Stagnation pressure
IV. Static temperature Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) Only I and III
(b) Only II and IV
(c) I, II, and III
(d) II, III, and IV

Key Concepts

Static Pressure

Static pressure is the pressure exerted by a fluid at rest or moving with the flow, excluding dynamic effects. When a flow passes through a normal shock, the static pressure increases due to the compression effect as the kinetic energy of the flow is partly converted into pressure energy.

Static Temperature

Static temperature is the actual thermodynamic temperature of the moving fluid. In a normal shock wave, the static temperature increases as the deceleration of the flow converts kinetic energy to internal energy, raising the fluid's temperature.

Normal Shock Waves

A normal shock wave is a thin region in a high-speed flow where there is an abrupt change in flow properties such as velocity, pressure, temperature, and density. It occurs when a supersonic flow decelerates to subsonic speeds over a very short distance, and is characterized by irreversible processes that result in energy dissipation.

Mach Number

The Mach number is the ratio of the flow velocity to the local speed of sound, serving as a key indicator of the compressibility effects in a flow. In normal shock waves, the Mach number decreases sharply as a supersonic flow is decelerated to subsonic speeds, significantly altering the flow behavior.

Stagnation Pressure

Stagnation pressure is the pressure a fluid would have if it were brought to rest isentropically, and it represents the total pressure in a flow. Across a normal shock, stagnation pressure decreases due to the irreversible processes and the associated energy losses that occur during the shock transition.

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