Which of the following properties of water is not due to...

Which of the following properties of water is not due to hydrogen bonding between water molecules?
a. Water prevents large temperature changes.
b. Ice floats on water.
c. Water is a solvent for polar molecules and ionic compounds.
d. Water flows and fills spaces because it is cohesive.

Key Concepts

Polarity and Solvent Properties

Water's ability to act as a solvent for polar molecules and ionic compounds is primarily a result of its molecular polarity—the uneven distribution of electrical charge—rather than the hydrogen bonding between water molecules. The polar nature of water facilitates interactions with and stabilization of various solutes.

Cohesion

Cohesion refers to the attractive forces between like molecules. In water, cohesion is mainly due to hydrogen bonding between molecules, enabling water to flow, fill spaces, and exhibit high surface tension.

Hydrogen Bonding

Hydrogen bonding is the intermolecular force where a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom, like oxygen, interacts with another electronegative atom in a nearby molecule. This force significantly influences many of water's physical properties, such as its high specific heat capacity, surface tension, and the structure of ice.

Specific Heat Capacity

Water's high specific heat capacity is largely a consequence of hydrogen bonding. The energy required to break these bonds allows water to absorb and store large amounts of thermal energy with minimal changes in temperature, helping moderate temperature fluctuations.

Ice's Crystal Lattice Structure

In its solid state, water molecules form a crystalline lattice maintained by hydrogen bonding, which results in a structure that is less dense than liquid water. This open lattice causes ice to float on water.

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